independent filmmaker

From 1992 to 1994, Chinese society and Chinese films underwent tremendous changes.

After three years of "cold spring", at the beginning of 1992, Deng xx's southern tour and southern talks accelerated reform, established a socialist market economy, "liberated and developed productive forces", proposed to vigorously develop the economy and encourage good business ideas. A major turning point, society has entered a new stage, and the debate on "surname capital and surname society" is no longer.In later Chinese history, it seemed that this whole year was spring.The common people "go to sea", "Forbes" said, "There are very few sure things like 'China will become an economic power'."The stock market was extremely excited - when Shenzhen Stock Exchange subscribed for new shares, Shenzhen had an influx of 150 million people, while the resident population was only 60. However, fraud was exposed later in the lottery, the stock market plummeted, and the China Securities Regulatory Commission was born.At the end of this year, China and South Korea finally established diplomatic relations.The most sensational things in the world are, firstly, the election of a new president in the United States, and secondly, the emergence of the World Wide Web.

In the field of "film", to Xie Lansheng's delight, China also has film festivals. On August 8, the first China Changchun Film Festival was held, and one "Changchun Gold Cup" and three "Changchun Silver Cups" were selected.

Then came 1993.

China has a new leadership team, Jiang xx was elected president of the country, and the term "primary stage of socialism" entered the constitution.Premier Zhu xx's financial reforms, standardized triangular debts and others, let the renminbi depreciate sharply to promote commodity exports, implemented central and local tax sharing to stimulate local economies, and revitalized state-owned enterprises, resulting in "layoffs".Multinational companies flocked in, opened branches, and also merged and acquired—Procter & Gamble opened N factories, and GM produced joint venture cars. In September, the "Multinational Corporations and China" conference was held in Beijing, and the Chinese government invited executives of multinational corporations for the first time. The "Company Law" was passed, the "Consumer Rights Protection Law" was passed, and "food stamps" withdrew from the stage of history.However, it was also in this year that Beijing failed to bid for the Olympic Games for the first time due to the narrow gap between the two votes, and everyone in the city was downcast. Everyone knows that the 9 Olympic Games will be given to Greece, and they can only wait another eight years.

The "speculation" was relaxed, and Xie Lansheng's two "bad guys" investors were relieved.

In this year, China celebrated "Valentine's Day" for the first time.Chocolates are being sold everywhere, and the McDonald's in Wangfujing has a commercial for "Warm and Romantic Valentine's Night".I don't know what happened, but the combination of "Valentine's Day", "chocolate" and "McDonald's" made Xie Lansheng's heart hurt, just because he thought of one person.

And in May, the luxury brand "Ferrari" sold its first car in China, and held a new car delivery ceremony in the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest in the Temple of Heaven. Xie Lansheng once again thought of what the man once said, "It's okay to have an F40." Memorial Roadster".

On "Film", the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television of the People's Republic of China has carried out a reform, and it is still a drastic reform.

Because of the popularization of television, movies have been greatly impacted. The number of movie viewers plummeted from a peak of 1979 billion in 290 to just over 1991 billion in 140. Moreover, this number would have been even worse if it hadn’t been for the movie-watching craze of "Zhou xx", you know , In 1979, the average Chinese audience watched 30 movies a year, leading the world alone.The projection network fell apart, and the movie theaters that used to spread across large and medium-sized cities gradually withered, and about half of them were turned into entertainment venues for other purposes, such as dance halls and billiard halls.

Under such circumstances, on January 1993, 1, the "No. 5 Document" "Several Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Film Industry Mechanism" was officially implemented.

In order to adapt to the market economy, it put forward the concept of "box office" for the first time. In the past, there was no concept of "box office", only the number of moviegoers. The second article in the "Opinions" is that in principle, the movie ticket price is liberalized, and the provincial governments can control it by themselves. In other words, the price can be raised. There is no difference between.

In addition, it has also changed the way of unified purchase and sales of domestic films.Originally, films had to be purchased and distributed by China Film Corporation in a unified manner, but after the "Opinions", the studios directly connected with distribution units in major provinces, and each studio could profit through box office sharing, etc., instead of 1985 After that, "1 yuan is a copy".

What's more, we must actively participate in the production of film and video tapes for TV stations.Studios are marketed and they need to be self-financing.

It was also in this year that the first joint-stock company in the film industry was established. It was reorganized from the Shanghai Film Distribution Company, not only in charge of distribution, but also involved in production.

…………

Then, in 1994, society changed again.

The new "Labor Law" was officially promulgated, and the "weekend" was officially implemented.Football has also become market-oriented, with leagues "A" and "A B".Xie Lansheng was dragged by Cen Chen to watch the "Beijing Guoan", and found that whenever he scored a goal, the audience shouted "Awesome!" and whenever he lost a goal, the audience shouted "Idiot!"

In the field of film, the conflict between the film bureau and independent filmmakers has reached its peak, and there is a lot of movement.After Xie Lansheng and Sun Fengmao won awards in the international arena, some people "take risks". Therefore, in March of this year, seven directors participated in the Rotterdam Film Festival in the Netherlands. "A press conference was held on the topic, and the officials were completely enraged, revoking the qualifications of the seven directors. However, Xie Lansheng, who decided not to go abroad to compete because of a previous incident, was not affected.

Among these seven directors, one has been banned the longest because some of the films he made were relatively colorful.Xie Lansheng felt that both sides seemed to make sense. One took some ideas and didn't talk nonsense there, and the other was quite normal because of international politics. Xie Lansheng couldn't figure it out, but from a realistic point of view, he didn't want both sides Contradictions continue to intensify like this, and he always believes that communication and negotiation are the modern solution, not who wants to overwhelm the other.

In the field of film, the government has undergone major reforms.This intensive reform frequency has never been seen in the past.

Because of the sudden liberalization of "ticket prices", movie ticket prices have increased significantly, so the number of moviegoers and the number of moviegoers per capita have suffered an unprecedented epic blow.At the same time, because they have long been accustomed to the "unified purchase and sales" of China Film Corporation, the 16 state-owned studios don't know how to distribute films, they can't find the right people, they can't sell films, and they continue to be depressed. They can only sell land, sell houses, and shoot advertisements.As for movies, except for Beijing Film Group, which is more persistent, the others have made fewer films, at most one or two a year, and it has declined rapidly.

Against this background, one or two private companies were quietly established to "invest" in state-run films.A private company conceives a movie, and after passing the review, purchases indicators from the studio and cooperates with the studio to shoot, that is to say, use the studio's logo and the name of the studio.Private capital enters the industry, and studios make money by selling labels.

At the same time, in order to save the film market, in August 1994, the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television issued Document No. 8 "Notice on Further Deepening the Reform of the Film Distribution Mechanism", deciding that all studios can directly distribute films to all levels of provinces. In addition, Every year, China Film Corporation imports 348 films that "basically reflect the outstanding achievements of the world's civilization and the achievements of contemporary film art and technology" in the form of box office splits. Therefore, Hollywood films return to China after 10 years of absence from China.Before that, apart from Chinese films, the Chinese could only watch films from "socialist" brother countries, such as North Korea's "The Flower Girl", such as Romania's "Waves of the Danube". Xie Lansheng watched European and American films from schools. The "internal reference film".

Just like that, on November 1994, 11, China's first American blockbuster "The Fugitive" was officially released.It starred Harrison Ford. In the film, Richard Kimble's wife was killed. He was considered a suspect. He jumped out of the car and hunted down the real murderer. Finally, everything surfaced and Richard Kimble's charges were cleared.The film was screened in six major cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Chongqing, and Zhengzhou. However, as "the first person to eat crabs", its distribution was full of difficulties.The six cities where it was screened happened to be reformists, and there was little resistance, but all other provinces and cities did not agree to show the film. Moreover, due to the strong opposition from the Beijing Film Company, China Film had no choice but to change to Cooperate with Haidian District.

"The Fugitive" was successfully released and immediately set off a huge wave.Some people in the industry think that this is a way to lure a tiger down the mountain, which will destroy the fragile domestic films in China. Therefore, amidst a lot of boycotts, "The End of the World" was forced to go offline in Beijing ahead of schedule. Screenings were held in cities, and the film went offline ahead of schedule in Beijing. The film still created a miracle at the box office of 3000 million yuan.

During the release of "The Fugitive", there was a long queue at the entrance of the deserted cinema, and even gave birth to "scalpers", who sold the 15 yuan movie ticket to 50 yuan!

Xie Lansheng thought of Xin Ye again, and felt that the other party's prediction was accurate—American blockbusters really came, and even within "two or three years", domestic films really had no way to fight back.

In the next year, seven films, including "True Lies", "The Lion King" and "Forrest Gump", which were Hollywood's golden year, were released one after another, bombarding Chinese audiences for a long time.

Among them, the spy movie "True Lies" starring Arnold Schwarzenegger, in a year when the per capita annual income of urban residents was only 3893 yuan, the box office exceeded [-] million yuan.

Audiences who have always only watched the "main theme" of Chinese movies were shocked by what happened suddenly on the big screen. They opened their black eyes wide, and their pupils were full of Hollywood-style love and hatred.

The author has something to say: it's all background, no plot, but I recommend reading it, because I feel that these backgrounds are useful to the theme and also useful to the plot.

Let’s send red envelopes for all the comments in this chapter, no word count is required, because there is no magic horse plot, I am sorry to accept VIP, although the content is necessary...

Director Xie is still under ban...

Well, you should be able to see that in this article, Director Panda tried his best to popularize the history of science more comprehensively. He does not want to make a simple evaluation of who is right and who is wrong. However, I believe that everyone will have their own ideas after reading it~ Yes indeed!Xie Lansheng will find a better way out for literary and artistic films from beginning to end, whether it is policy or market, the next two parts will be more obvious. This is the main line of the full text and will not be changed.