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Chapter 1472 Silence... (Please subscribe every day!)
Gold has been very attractive and popular with people since ancient times. Therefore, the price of gold has always been very high, which is beyond the reach of ordinary people. However, gold is actually just a mineral in essence. Therefore, it In fact, the price will also change with certain factors. ~≦,
Specifically, the factors that affect the price of gold have the following aspects:
[-]. Price factor
(1). Price review of domestic products from 2009 to 2011
1、 近十年——2001年国际现货黄金最低价253.55米金盎司至2011年整10年的光景,我们可以称之为黄金10年,对于诞生于80年代出生的人来说或许有些相合性;
During this period, the price of gold has risen by 1175 meters (compared to the record high), which is an increase of 4.6 times. Although the increase is limited to a certain level, the continuous increase will make us think about the sustainable time. This is the key the goal of;
However, Mijin, who is incompatible with it, has walked out of the overall 9-year decline line. Strictly speaking, it should be that the United States has actively financed and responded to terrorism since it experienced terrorist attacks. ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— use policy is the cause of the long-term decline of rice and gold. The antagonistic relationship between the two is not like the current judgment that some so-called experts emphasize that the two will gradually separate from each other.
2. In the past four years - in the past four years, the trend of Mijin and gold has deviated somewhat, but as mentioned above, the long-term relationship between the two has not been separated, but in the past 4 years, except Mijin line to interpret.Then its form shows that Mijin is experiencing a low-level shock and weak form;
This includes the disorder during the financial crisis, the hedging effect of rice gold assets and the loose monetary policy adopted to maintain the stability of the financial market and economic recovery, as well as the large-scale purchase of rice gold assets by China and Japan. At the same time, gold has experienced a 4-year accelerated rise;
The most memorable period during 2009 and 2010 was due to the negative impact of the European debt crisis.Achieved the continuous rise of gold;
Although the U.S. economy gradually improved at the end of last year, it will take time to resolve the European-debt-crisis-crisis.There is also the uneven development of the global economy and the economy is still in the recovery cycle, these are the basic factors for the rise of gold prices in the past two years;
Of course, when it comes to the operation cycle of a variety, what cannot be shaken off is the enthusiasm for public participation and the promotion effect brought by capital flow, and gold is no exception;
It takes 3-4 years for a global economic recession cycle to a normal economic development cycle, with recession-depression-recovery in the middle, and according to the secondary cycle of the Kitchin cycle, so Western countries led by the United States The current economy is recovering from the trough, and it will take time; but it is certain that once the economy improves or even prospers, it will be the beginning of a major cyclical adjustment for gold;
3、当前价格运行格局——2010年金价总体呈现加速上涨的态势,是黄金自计价以来上涨空间最大的一个年度,我们把它归结为是继2009年加速上涨的牛市行情的延续。全年上涨320美金;并且历史高点锁定在1430的点位。
Since the beginning of 2011, it has entered into a cyclical adjustment situation. Since the historical high of 1430 has been reached, the price of gold in Europe and the United States has started a new round of adjustment at Christmas, but from The adjustment time and space are beyond the expectations of many investors. The adjustment range last month was about 6% and 85 meters gold. It is reasonable in terms of the monthly rise and fall, but it is only a one-month cycle. Although The rate has not yet been closed, but the time is short, which is still rare in the past transaction history statistics;
And there is a great possibility of closing the sun. Once it is expected, a new round of upward trend will be opened. Moreover, the trend of silver seems to indicate the future trend of gold.
(2) Analysis of factors affecting domestic product prices
There are many factors that affect the price of gold.Including factors such as international politics, economy, foreign exchange market, interest rates and monetary policies of major countries, the increase or decrease of gold reserves of central banks, the increase or decrease of gold mining costs, the increase or decrease of gold used in industry and jewelry, etc., the factors affecting the change of gold price are increasingly Specifically, the increase can be divided into the following aspects:
1. The interaction between gold price and important international stock markets.
2. The relationship between gold price and seasonal supply and demand factors in the gold spot market.
3. The interactive relationship between gold price and rice gold.
4. The linkage relationship between gold price and international commodity market.
There are three main types of gold prices in the world: market prices, production prices and quasi-official prices.All other gold prices are derived from this.
1. Market price: Market price includes spot and futures prices.
Generally speaking, spot prices and futures prices are affected by similar factors, so the direction and magnitude of changes in both are basically the same.However, due to the convergence of market trends, the basis of gold (that is, the difference between the spot price of gold and the futures price) will continue to decrease as the futures delivery period approaches.At the delivery date, the futures price is approximately equal to the spot price of the transaction.
In theory.The futures price should stably reflect the spot price plus the holding cost of a specific delivery period. Therefore, the futures price of gold should be higher than the spot price, and the basis is negative. However, the factors determining the spot price and the futures price are complex.
For example: the short-term and long-term supply of gold, including the size of the annual output of gold, the selling of gold reserves by the central banks of various countries, etc.; the market demand for gold, which also includes changes in the actual demand for gold (jewelry industry, industry, etc.), gold recycling and reuse, etc.;
The stability of the political situation in the world and various countries, the level of inflation, interest rates and some unexpected events are the main factors affecting the psychology of investors, which in turn affect the trend of gold prices;
Speculators took advantage of fluctuations in gold prices and sudden events to hype up, and various hedge funds entered the market to make waves.Man-made false supply and demand and so on.
All these may make the supply and demand of gold in the world gold market unbalanced, and the relationship between spot and futures prices will be distorted.At this time, due to the shortage of gold.The cost of holding futures cannot be compensated, and even the basis difference is positive, resulting in the phenomenon that the spot price is higher than the futures price, and the futures price is higher than the forward futures price.
2. Production price.
The production price is based on the cost of production to establish an apparently stable price basis fixed above the market price.At current exchange rates, the average total cost of mining gold is about a little under $260 an ounce.
In fact, with the advancement of technology, the cost of prospecting, mining, refining, etc. has been reduced, and the cost of gold mining has shown a downward trend.
3. Quasi-official price.
This is the price adopted by the central bank for activities related to official gold, among the quasi-official prices.It is further divided into mortgage price and bookkeeping price.
In 1998, the total official reserves of central banks around the world were about 34000 tons, which was equivalent to 13 years of world gold mine production in terms of production capacity, and accounted for 137400% of the total gold reserves of 24.7 tons that have been mined. An important reason for the price of gold.
1. Mortgage price.
This was created by Noodle Country in 1974 in order to realize a loan from the Federation - the Chariot Country, using its own gold as collateral.
When borrowing, gold is used as collateral, and gold is priced at the market price, and then a discount is given.The price of gold is preserved to a certain extent because there is a large amount of gold mortgaged.If the price of gold falls, the interest on the loan period will have to be higher than the London-Tonbank Offered Rate.
2. Bookmark the price.It was proposed after the disintegration of the Bray-Ray-Ton-Sen-Lin system in August 1971.
Due to the strong attraction of the market price, there is a huge difference between the market price and the official price.Because of the need for pricing their official gold reserves, all countries have increased their official gold prices, thus creating quasi-official bookkeeping prices for determining official reserves.
There are three main methods in operation:
(1) Link with the market price according to different discount standards (net market price or up to 30% discount).Gold prices are determined on different basis with different adjustment periods (divided into 3-month averages, month-end averages, etc.).
(2) The purchase price is used as the basis for pricing.
(3)有些国家以历史官价确定,如米国1973年3月定的42.22米金盎司。一些国家按1969年国际货币基金组织35美元盎司来确定。准官方价格在世界黄金交易中已成为一个较为重要的黄金价格。
[-]. Pricing mechanism
As a commodity, the price of gold is also determined by supply and demand factors.However, as a commodity with special attributes, the pricing mechanism of gold is also very different from that of general commodities. The price of gold is closely related to international financial and monetary factors.
1. The pricing mechanism of the Wudu gold market
In 1919, the Wudu gold market began to implement a daily pricing system, twice a day, which is the most important gold price in the world.On September 1919, 9, representatives of the five major gold houses in Wudu gathered for the first time in the "Gold House" and began to set the daily gold price in the Wudu gold market. This system has continued to this day.
The Wudu Market sets the gold price twice a day, at 10:30 am and 3 pm respectively, and the gold market makers (ten) of the Fogdu Gold and Silver Market Association represent almost all gold traders in the world, including gold suppliers Gold demanders and speculators decide the most reasonable price for buyers and sellers in the market, and the entire pricing process is completely open.
The gold price in the Wudu gold market is the most important gold price in the world, which can affect the transaction price of the New York and Hong Kong Island gold markets.
The gold price in Wudu market is determined by the major international pricing gold banks. The pricing gold banks have considerable economic strength and status. The scale of gold transactions accounts for a considerable proportion. It has important reference value.
2. The pricing mechanism of the Su-Lei-Saxon gold market
The Su-Lei-Switzerland gold market is a world-wide gold trading center that grew rapidly after the war. It maintains a unique advantage in the world's physical gold trading. - Credit-credit-bank and Swiss-Swiss-United-United-Bank are decided by the three major banks.
Although it has no gold supply itself, Switzerland has a special banking system and an auxiliary gold trading service system.Provides a free and confidential environment for gold trading.
Therefore, the Su-Li-Zi gold market maintains a unique advantage in the world's physical gold trading.
There is no gold price fixing system in the Su-Li-Zhu gold market.The banks' positions are not disclosed, and the joint clearing system aggregates the banks' bearer positions.According to the changes in these positions, at any given time of each trading day, the price of gold traded on that day is determined in combination with supply and demand conditions.
This price is the official price of gold in the Su-Li-Zi gold market, and the gold price fluctuates freely on the basis of this price throughout the day, without the limit of the daily limit.The Su-Lei-Tez gold official price is binding on the members of the Su-Lei-Tex Gold Pool.
The Su-Li-Zi gold market is an invisible market. The gold business is mainly carried out between banks and customers, and between banks. The operating characteristics of this market are spot transactions, including gold bars and gold coins.
Commercial banks play a vital role in the formation of international gold prices, and gold is a quasi-monetary commodity.Its pricing mechanism is different from ordinary commodities and cannot be separated from the participation of commercial banks.
3. The pricing mechanism of the New York-New York gold market
New York --- New York gold market is the world's largest gold futures and futures options trading market.The New York-Ex Branch of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) Group is an on-site gold trading market, and all gold futures and futures options traded in it must be sold through open outcry or other methods. Trading system for trading.
New York - New York market price gold derivatives trading and pricing has a global authority.
4. The pricing mechanism of the Gold and Silver Exchange on Hong Kong Island
Founded in 1910, the Hong Kong Island Gold and Silver Trading Society has maintained a unique gold trading method.
Members can trade in the way of public outcry. If the dealer makes an offer, the buyout price can be 2000 Sima Liang. All transactions are decided orally without signing a contract.
The prices of the major gold markets around the world influence each other.The trading hours of major gold markets around the world are based on Fog City time.The formation of Wudu, New York - New York (Chicago - Canada) continuous gold trading.
The morning price pricing at 10:30 every morning in Fog City kicked off the Beimijin City, and then New York - New York and other markets opened successively.
When the fog is priced in the afternoon, New York - New York and other markets are still trading.The Hong Kong Island market will also join in.The end market price in Fog City will affect the morning market price in the United States, the end market price in the United States will affect the opening price in Hong Kong Island, and the end market price in Hong Kong Island and the closing price in the United States will affect the opening price in Fog City.So cycle.
[-]. Competitive strategy
The competition of gold mine products is reflected in the stability of product quality.Complete product series, rich product analogy and so on.
Due to the complex operation of the gold industry.Any quality or problem in any link will eventually affect the quality of operation, so stable product quality, advanced technology, and excellent production control management will all play a decisive role.
To sum up, the price of gold is changing at any time, so in terms of gold investment, you need to be cautious to avoid big losses!
The color of gold is very attractive, and the benefits it represents are also very attractive. However, gold mining is actually very difficult, not as easy as ordinary people imagine.
If you want to mine gold from gold ore, you have to know how to choose ore.
Some of the extraction of gold comes from placer gold, and some comes from vein gold.Since the 70s, the output of vein gold has remained at 75% to 85%, and placer gold has accounted for 15% to 25%.Since the 1990s, due to environmental factors, the share of placer gold production has further declined.
1). Gold placer:
After the primary gold deposit is exposed to the surface, due to mechanical and chemical weathering, the gold-bearing veins or gold-bearing parent rocks are gradually broken into cuttings and gold particles.
Then, under the action of transporting and sorting by external force, minerals with larger specific gravity (such as gold particles) are deposited on hillsides, riverbeds, and lakeshores to form a certain enrichment. Those with industrial mining value are called placer gold deposits.
Placer gold deposits are usually mined by dredgers, hydraulic mining, excavator mining, and underground (shaft) mining.my country's placer gold deposits are mainly mined by gold dredgers, and there are also hydraulic mining and excavator mining.
The alluvial gold beneficiation process mainly includes preparation and sorting operations before sorting.
The preparation operation is mainly composed of two processes of crushing and screening.Fragmentation is mainly to dissociate the ore particles and clayey slime in the mined ore; sieving is to screen out the coarse-grained grades that do not contain gold.
Commonly used equipment includes flat sieves, cylinder sieves, cylinder scrubbing machines, etc.
The separation of placer gold mainly adopts the gravity beneficiation method, which is because on the one hand the proportion of placer gold is large (17.50-18.0 on average).The particle size is relatively coarse (generally 0.074-2 mm), on the other hand, the gravity beneficiation method is more economical and simple.
Gravity separation equipment generally uses various types of chutes, jigs and shakers (often used for separation).
2). Vein gold mine:
The various types of gold ore differ by their properties.The beneficiation methods used are also different, but gravity separation, flotation, mixed-mercury, cyanide and today's resin pulp method, carbon slurry adsorption method, and heap leaching method are generally used to extract gold.
for certain types of ores.A joint gold extraction process is often used.
There are many gold selection process schemes used in production practice, and the following are usually used:
1. Single mixed-mercury: This process is suitable for processing quartz vein primary deposits and oxidized ores containing coarse gold.
Gold extraction by amalgamation method is an ancient and common method of gold selection. In modern gold industrial production, amalgamation method still occupies a very important position.
Since gold mostly appears in a free state in ores, some gold particles in all kinds of ores can be recovered by the mixed-mercury method.
Practice has proved that using the amalgamation method to recover part of the gold particles in advance in the gold beneficiation process can significantly reduce the loss of coarse-grained gold in the tailings.
The theoretical basis of the mixed-mercury method for gold extraction is that mercury can selectively wet the gold particles.Then diffuse into the wet gold particles.
In the slurry with water as the medium, when mercury contacts the surface of gold particles, the contact surface formed by gold and mercury replaces the original contact surface between gold and water and mercury and water, thereby reducing the surface energy and destroying the barrier of gold particles. Hydration films in contact with mercury.
At this time, mercury diffuses rapidly along the surface of gold particles and reduces the surface energy on the phase interface.The mercury then diffuses into the gold grains to form a mercury compound - amalgam (mercury-paste).
The mixed-mercury gold extraction method is divided into two types: internal-mixed-mercury and external-mixed-mercury.The amalgamation equipment used includes amalgamation plate, amalgamation chute, ramming machine, amalgamation cylinder and special small ball mill or rod mill.
The mixed-mercury gold extraction method has simple process, easy operation and low cost.However, mercury is a toxic substance that is very harmful to the human body. Therefore, the concentrator that uses mixed mercury to extract gold should strictly abide by the safety technical operation regulations.To minimize the harm of mercury-vapor-gas and metal-mercury to the human body.
2. Combined process of mixing-mercury-gravity separation: This process is divided into two schemes: mixing-mercury first and then re-selection and first re-selection and then mixing-mercury.
The first-mixing-mercury followed by gravity separation process is suitable for processing simple quartz vein gold-bearing ores. The first gravity separation and then mixing-mercury process is suitable for processing ores with large gold particles, but the surface is polluted and coated with oxide film, which is not easy to directly mix with mercury. .And placer gold ore with low gold content.
3. Gravity separation (mixed-mercury)-cyanide-oxidation combined process: This process is suitable for processing gold-bearing oxide ores in quartz veins.
The raw ore is re-selected first, and the concentrate obtained from the re-selection is amalgamated; or the raw ore is directly amalgamated.Tailings, graded ore, and mixed sand are cyanidated separately.
4. Single flotation process: This process is suitable for processing sulfide gold-containing quartz vein ores, polymetallic gold-containing sulfide ores and carbon (graphite) ores with finer gold particles and high buoyancy.
5. Mixed-mercury-flotation combined process: This process is to first use mixed-mercury to recover coarse gold in the ore, and mixed-mercury tailings for flotation.This process is suitable for processing single flotation ores, gold-bearing oxide ores and ores with associated free gold.The recovery rate obtained by this process is higher than that obtained by a single flotation process.
6. Full mud cyanide (direct cyanide) process: Gold is produced in quartz vein ore in a fine-grained or fine-grained dispersed state.The ore is highly oxidized and does not contain cu, as, sb, bi and carbonaceous substances.Such ores are most suitable for the full mud cyanide process.
The cyanide method is one of the main methods for extracting gold and silver. Gold extraction by this method has the advantages of high recovery rate, strong adaptability to ore, and the ability to produce gold on the spot, so it is widely used.
Cyanide gold extraction consists of four steps: leaching of gold-bearing ore in cyanide solution, separation of gold-bearing liquid and leaching residue, precipitation of gold leaching and smelting of gold mud.The disadvantage of this gold extraction method is that cyanide is a highly toxic substance and is easy to pollute the environment. In practice, environmental protection and governance must be strictly done.
7. Flotation-cyanide-chemical combined process: This process has the following two identical schemes:
(1) Flotation - concentrate cyanide - process.It is suitable for processing quartz vein gold-bearing ores and quartz pyrite ores that have a close symbiotic relationship between gold and sulfur-sulfides.
(2) Flotation-roasting-cyanide-oxidation process.This process is suitable for the treatment of minerals containing floatable minerals that are harmful to cyanide.Only a small amount of gold is bound to this mineral.
8. Combined flotation-gravity separation process: This process is based on flotation, and is suitable for ores where gold and sulfide are closely symbiotic and can only be recovered by smelting.It is also suitable for gold-bearing quartz vein ore with uneven coarse distribution.And get a higher recovery rate than single flotation.
9. Heap leaching method: Heap leaching method is a type of gold extraction by cyanide method, which is suitable for processing ores with low gold-bearing grades.The main advantage is that the process is simple.Low investment and low cost.
The above 9 processes are principle processes, and their internal structures should vary according to the type and nature of the ore being processed.
No matter what kind of ore, as long as it contains coarse-grained gold, the principle of early harvest and more harvesting should be implemented. Before the ore enters the flotation operation, gravity separation, mixed-mercury or single-cell flotation should be used to recover coarse-grained gold in time. .
However, don't look at gold very temptingly, actually.The gold mining process is full of various problems, and these problems have not been completely solved until now.
[-]. The laws and regulations on the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources are not perfect, and the preferential policies for the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources are not in place.
Some low-grade ores that are mined by both the rich and the poor and the co-associated useful components that carry out comprehensive utilization and recovery, because the recovery profit of this part of resources is very low and even need financial subsidies, taxes and fees are collected according to quantity and not quality, which increases the cost of utilization , Engaging in comprehensive utilization has affected the economic benefits of enterprises.
Therefore, the enthusiasm of enterprises to comprehensively utilize resources is not high.Fluctuations in the price of gold even lead to mining the rich and abandoning the poor.There is still a lack of definition of relevant laws and regulations on the collection and recycling of secondary resources such as "three == waste" in the mining industry.
[-]. Serious loss, waste and destruction of mineral resources.
Most gold mines, especially small ones, are started with very little exploration.
After the mine is put into production, production, infrastructure, and technical transformation are carried out at the same time. Most small enterprises have low technology and management levels in the dressing and smelting process, and the initial mining and dressing plan is not well thought out.Often cause greater resource loss, waste and destruction.
Baoling-City Smelter had a large amount of foam overflowing from the cyanide-chemical leaching tank due to imperfect flotation concentrate de-drug and fine grinding process, so the amount of aeration had to be reduced.The cyanide-chemical leaching rate of gold is only about 90%, and the gold content in cyanide-slag is still 6-9gt.Sometimes even well beyond the gold-bearing grades of the original ore in the area.
[-]. The development and utilization of tailings resources is not enough, and a variety of valuable associated elements have not been fully recycled.Environmental efficiency is low.
For gold mines, most of the tailings grades of gold mines in my country are 0.5, sb, w, etc. at present.
Tailings reprocessing is an effective way to improve the recovery level of gold and its associated elements. Among the existing 10 billion tons of gold dressing tailings in my country, there are as many as 300-400 tons of available gold resources.
In addition, 25 tons of gold continue to be lost to the tailings every year in the rock gold mine, and the gold grade of the tailings is as high as 0.35 gt.
In the Ji-Linjiapigou Gold Mine, the tailings stock in the old mining area is about 30 tons, the gold content in the tailings is 1.0-1.5 gt, and the gold content in the tailings in the new tailings pond is 1.4-0.68 gt.According to estimates, the tailings in the old and new tailings ponds have a total of 16t of gold reserves, 280t of copper, 2t of silver, and 500t of lead.
Many gold mines have not yet carried out comprehensive utilization, but most of the tailings have been stockpiled.
For example, the ore of the Lao-Zuo-Shan Gold Mine contains copper and cobalt, neither of which is recovered; the ore of the He-Nan Shang-Gong Gold Mine contains silver and tellurium, and the silver is recovered in the form of silver after flotation. Tellurium has no recovery measures yet, but it has been piled as tailings;
Lake——Beiji—Long—Mountain is a polymetallic symbiotic ore body, containing copper, silver, sulfur, lead, zinc, and manganese. Only the first three elements are recovered, and the latter three elements have not yet been developed due to high recovery costs. Work.
There are also many small and medium-sized mines that do not recycle the associated sulfur at all, but directly discharge it, which brings great pollution to the environment.
The techniques commonly used in tailings recovery include gravity separation, flotation, cyanide and other processes.Although the recovery of gold from tailings has achieved considerable benefits, it is precisely because of the focus on gold recovery.However, the recovery rate of other associated metal elements in tailings is generally low, and non-metal elements are basically not recovered.Cause secondary waste of resources.
There are roughly two reasons affecting the recovery of co-occurring elements: one is that the economic and technical conditions of the mine itself are limited, and recycling cannot be carried out; the other is that the technical conditions are already available, but the economic benefits of recycling are not good, and enterprises have no enthusiasm.
Fourth, insufficient attention has been paid to investment in science and technology and personnel training.
The scientific research force for the comprehensive utilization of gold mines in my country is still very weak, and the depth and breadth of research on the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources are also not enough.
On the one hand, due to the scattered industrial sectors, the scientific research strength of geology and mining is not concentrated, and the instruments, equipment, and equipment are backward, so they cannot form a fist.
On the other hand, there is a serious shortage of basic research forces for the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources.
When deploying geological prospecting work.There is no experimental research work for simultaneous deployment, comprehensive evaluation, and comprehensive utilization research.The conversion rate of existing scientific research achievements is low.
In short, at present, my country's gold production enterprises have not yet reached the due height in the comprehensive utilization of refractory gold resources, especially their lack of understanding of its importance and urgency, and they have not yet been able to correctly handle resources, environment, and benefits. Coordinated development relationship.
To sum up, gold is indeed a metal that has the ability to make people crazy, and its value is extremely large, but we must also see.Gold can also be synonymous with the devil. Sometimes, gold is not as beautiful and moving as people imagine.Therefore, in terms of looking at gold, we still have to be targeted.Don't go after gold blindly.
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The gold mine discovered by the monkey is a real rich gold mine. This can be clearly seen from the fact that the piece of gold ore brought up from Xuchang still emits a very dim golden light in the night.
A rich gold mine is not a matter of a few bucks or dozens of pieces of dog's head gold.Its value far exceeds the value of dozens of dog head gold, so to speak.As long as there is this rich gold mine, the monkey can make a fortune. In this life, no, in the next life, in the next life, in the next life... Anyway, the monkey and his descendants don’t have to worry about their future livelihood anymore, but, Monkey finally told Xu Chang about the gold mine.
By doing this, the monkey simply gave up the opportunity to let his whole family live comfortably. Xu Chang was secretly moved by such a move.
At this point, some people will say that even if the monkey doesn't tell Xu Chang about the gold mine, Xu Chang will eventually discover the secret of the gold mine. Don't forget, Xu Chang still has a piece of gold ore in his hand. The piece of gold ore at night, because there is no sunlight, and the gold ore is covered by soil, so there is nothing unusual about it, but after Xu Chang returns, he will definitely find something he took as a souvenir It was gold ore. At that time, Xu Chang would definitely think of the gold mine.
Monkey told Xu Chang about the gold mine so generously, because he knew that Xu Chang would know about it sooner or later. At that time, after Xu Chang knew about it, wouldn't he tell about the gold mine? At that time, the gold mine could not fall into the monkey's hands.
With such considerations in mind, Monkey gave Xu Chang the gold mine directly as a favor.In this way, the monkey can not only get a part of the gold mine, but also make Xu Chang owe him a big favor. Why would the monkey not do such a thing that kills two birds with one stone!
Yes, maybe the monkey did have such an idea in his heart, but his biggest idea was indeed to repay his kindness.
Xu Chang may sooner or later discover that the stone he brought up as a souvenir is actually a gold ore, but at least now Xu Chang will not find out that the stone in his hand is a gold ore.
Because the stone that Xu Chang brought up from the ground was a bit dirty, and the sun had already set, this stone looked very ordinary. However, as long as Xu Chang washed the stone clean, at that time, in Under the sunlight, there will definitely be a golden light on the stone. At that time, a fool will know that this stone is a gold ore, and he will also know that it is a gold mine.
However, the premise of all this is that Xu Chang will always keep this stone, such an inconspicuous stone, maybe Xu Chang will throw it away the next moment because this stone is in the way. After the matter was revealed, how could Xuchang know about the gold mine?
Besides, if a treasure such as a gold mine is obtained later, the benefit that this person will get will be much smaller, and there is a great possibility that he will not get any benefit in the end.
Xu Chang is a quasi-warrior, and he is indeed an overlord on this strange island, but if he is placed in the entire jade area, then Xu Chang will be the bottom of the existence.
Houzi can use this gold mine as a bargaining chip to cooperate with some powerful tasks in the Yushi District, such as the management of the Yushi District, or the warrior camp. At that time, although the monkey lost the ownership of the entire gold mine, he got There are definitely a lot of things, at least the monkeys no longer have to worry about their future livelihood.
At this time, even if Xu Chang knew that there was a gold mine on that strange island, the gold mine on the island no longer belonged to Xu Chang.
If Xu Chang wants to rely on his own force to snatch the gold mine, the result...I believe everyone can guess what Xu Chang's final result will be.
Therefore, this time, the monkey directly told Xu Chang about the gold mine. It is indeed the monkey who wants to repay Xu Chang, and it is indeed the monkey who wants to really reform. .
Xu Chang also thought of this, so for the first time, he truly accepted the monkey in his heart.
"Monkey...!" Xu Chang patted Monkey on the shoulder, and then said with a gentle face: "Monkey, I have made a deal with you. Don't worry, you will definitely have a share of this gold mine. I will give you a share of this gold mine." As many as you have, you have as many monkeys, I, Xu Chang, swear as a quasi-warrior...!"
"Hehe...!" For the first time, the monkey laughed very happily for the first time, and it was the first time that the whole person felt ecstatic, because this was the first time that the monkey behaved like a normal person. Being valued by others for his identity, Monkey really wants to shout: "This feeling is so damn cool, ah...!"
"Brother Xuchang, thank you, thank you...!" Houzi broke down in tears. Being recognized as a normal person, it feels so good to be believed by others, and Houzi is convinced once again that it is really true that he has changed his ways. wrong.
"Monkey, don't be bitter. As long as you sincerely change your ways, then everyone will accept you sincerely. Monkey, you are a good person. Isn't there such a saying: A prodigal son returns without money! Monkey, don't cry, you are the one now. The prodigal son who is not changed by gold!" Xu Chang persuaded the monkey with a gentle face, and Xu Chang understood that the monkey would be so excited.
"Hmm..." the monkey replied with a choked voice, and then the monkey wiped away the tears with his cuff and raised his head. Xu Chang was very surprised to find that the monkey who seemed to be obscene even in his bones, now No matter how you look at it, there is a sense of righteousness, which makes Xu Chang feel very relieved...
"Okay, monkey, let's not talk about other things. Let's talk about what to do with this gold mine first. We can no longer own such a large gold mine. The most important thing for us now is to deal with this gold mine. Matters related to the mine." Seeing that the monkey had calmed down, Xu Chang directly turned to the topic.
"Yeah, such a large gold-rich mine is really not something people like us can own. If this matter is not handled properly, the final result..." The monkey did not continue, but his head kept shaking... …
Of course Xu Chang knew what the monkey's head shaking meant. It wasn't that if they didn't handle the gold mine well, then the two of them, and even their families, would be threatened with their lives. Thinking of this, Xu Chang fell silent... … (To be continued..)
ps: Note: Thank you Zhixiu Xie for your great support, thank you!
!!
Specifically, the factors that affect the price of gold have the following aspects:
[-]. Price factor
(1). Price review of domestic products from 2009 to 2011
1、 近十年——2001年国际现货黄金最低价253.55米金盎司至2011年整10年的光景,我们可以称之为黄金10年,对于诞生于80年代出生的人来说或许有些相合性;
During this period, the price of gold has risen by 1175 meters (compared to the record high), which is an increase of 4.6 times. Although the increase is limited to a certain level, the continuous increase will make us think about the sustainable time. This is the key the goal of;
However, Mijin, who is incompatible with it, has walked out of the overall 9-year decline line. Strictly speaking, it should be that the United States has actively financed and responded to terrorism since it experienced terrorist attacks. ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— use policy is the cause of the long-term decline of rice and gold. The antagonistic relationship between the two is not like the current judgment that some so-called experts emphasize that the two will gradually separate from each other.
2. In the past four years - in the past four years, the trend of Mijin and gold has deviated somewhat, but as mentioned above, the long-term relationship between the two has not been separated, but in the past 4 years, except Mijin line to interpret.Then its form shows that Mijin is experiencing a low-level shock and weak form;
This includes the disorder during the financial crisis, the hedging effect of rice gold assets and the loose monetary policy adopted to maintain the stability of the financial market and economic recovery, as well as the large-scale purchase of rice gold assets by China and Japan. At the same time, gold has experienced a 4-year accelerated rise;
The most memorable period during 2009 and 2010 was due to the negative impact of the European debt crisis.Achieved the continuous rise of gold;
Although the U.S. economy gradually improved at the end of last year, it will take time to resolve the European-debt-crisis-crisis.There is also the uneven development of the global economy and the economy is still in the recovery cycle, these are the basic factors for the rise of gold prices in the past two years;
Of course, when it comes to the operation cycle of a variety, what cannot be shaken off is the enthusiasm for public participation and the promotion effect brought by capital flow, and gold is no exception;
It takes 3-4 years for a global economic recession cycle to a normal economic development cycle, with recession-depression-recovery in the middle, and according to the secondary cycle of the Kitchin cycle, so Western countries led by the United States The current economy is recovering from the trough, and it will take time; but it is certain that once the economy improves or even prospers, it will be the beginning of a major cyclical adjustment for gold;
3、当前价格运行格局——2010年金价总体呈现加速上涨的态势,是黄金自计价以来上涨空间最大的一个年度,我们把它归结为是继2009年加速上涨的牛市行情的延续。全年上涨320美金;并且历史高点锁定在1430的点位。
Since the beginning of 2011, it has entered into a cyclical adjustment situation. Since the historical high of 1430 has been reached, the price of gold in Europe and the United States has started a new round of adjustment at Christmas, but from The adjustment time and space are beyond the expectations of many investors. The adjustment range last month was about 6% and 85 meters gold. It is reasonable in terms of the monthly rise and fall, but it is only a one-month cycle. Although The rate has not yet been closed, but the time is short, which is still rare in the past transaction history statistics;
And there is a great possibility of closing the sun. Once it is expected, a new round of upward trend will be opened. Moreover, the trend of silver seems to indicate the future trend of gold.
(2) Analysis of factors affecting domestic product prices
There are many factors that affect the price of gold.Including factors such as international politics, economy, foreign exchange market, interest rates and monetary policies of major countries, the increase or decrease of gold reserves of central banks, the increase or decrease of gold mining costs, the increase or decrease of gold used in industry and jewelry, etc., the factors affecting the change of gold price are increasingly Specifically, the increase can be divided into the following aspects:
1. The interaction between gold price and important international stock markets.
2. The relationship between gold price and seasonal supply and demand factors in the gold spot market.
3. The interactive relationship between gold price and rice gold.
4. The linkage relationship between gold price and international commodity market.
There are three main types of gold prices in the world: market prices, production prices and quasi-official prices.All other gold prices are derived from this.
1. Market price: Market price includes spot and futures prices.
Generally speaking, spot prices and futures prices are affected by similar factors, so the direction and magnitude of changes in both are basically the same.However, due to the convergence of market trends, the basis of gold (that is, the difference between the spot price of gold and the futures price) will continue to decrease as the futures delivery period approaches.At the delivery date, the futures price is approximately equal to the spot price of the transaction.
In theory.The futures price should stably reflect the spot price plus the holding cost of a specific delivery period. Therefore, the futures price of gold should be higher than the spot price, and the basis is negative. However, the factors determining the spot price and the futures price are complex.
For example: the short-term and long-term supply of gold, including the size of the annual output of gold, the selling of gold reserves by the central banks of various countries, etc.; the market demand for gold, which also includes changes in the actual demand for gold (jewelry industry, industry, etc.), gold recycling and reuse, etc.;
The stability of the political situation in the world and various countries, the level of inflation, interest rates and some unexpected events are the main factors affecting the psychology of investors, which in turn affect the trend of gold prices;
Speculators took advantage of fluctuations in gold prices and sudden events to hype up, and various hedge funds entered the market to make waves.Man-made false supply and demand and so on.
All these may make the supply and demand of gold in the world gold market unbalanced, and the relationship between spot and futures prices will be distorted.At this time, due to the shortage of gold.The cost of holding futures cannot be compensated, and even the basis difference is positive, resulting in the phenomenon that the spot price is higher than the futures price, and the futures price is higher than the forward futures price.
2. Production price.
The production price is based on the cost of production to establish an apparently stable price basis fixed above the market price.At current exchange rates, the average total cost of mining gold is about a little under $260 an ounce.
In fact, with the advancement of technology, the cost of prospecting, mining, refining, etc. has been reduced, and the cost of gold mining has shown a downward trend.
3. Quasi-official price.
This is the price adopted by the central bank for activities related to official gold, among the quasi-official prices.It is further divided into mortgage price and bookkeeping price.
In 1998, the total official reserves of central banks around the world were about 34000 tons, which was equivalent to 13 years of world gold mine production in terms of production capacity, and accounted for 137400% of the total gold reserves of 24.7 tons that have been mined. An important reason for the price of gold.
1. Mortgage price.
This was created by Noodle Country in 1974 in order to realize a loan from the Federation - the Chariot Country, using its own gold as collateral.
When borrowing, gold is used as collateral, and gold is priced at the market price, and then a discount is given.The price of gold is preserved to a certain extent because there is a large amount of gold mortgaged.If the price of gold falls, the interest on the loan period will have to be higher than the London-Tonbank Offered Rate.
2. Bookmark the price.It was proposed after the disintegration of the Bray-Ray-Ton-Sen-Lin system in August 1971.
Due to the strong attraction of the market price, there is a huge difference between the market price and the official price.Because of the need for pricing their official gold reserves, all countries have increased their official gold prices, thus creating quasi-official bookkeeping prices for determining official reserves.
There are three main methods in operation:
(1) Link with the market price according to different discount standards (net market price or up to 30% discount).Gold prices are determined on different basis with different adjustment periods (divided into 3-month averages, month-end averages, etc.).
(2) The purchase price is used as the basis for pricing.
(3)有些国家以历史官价确定,如米国1973年3月定的42.22米金盎司。一些国家按1969年国际货币基金组织35美元盎司来确定。准官方价格在世界黄金交易中已成为一个较为重要的黄金价格。
[-]. Pricing mechanism
As a commodity, the price of gold is also determined by supply and demand factors.However, as a commodity with special attributes, the pricing mechanism of gold is also very different from that of general commodities. The price of gold is closely related to international financial and monetary factors.
1. The pricing mechanism of the Wudu gold market
In 1919, the Wudu gold market began to implement a daily pricing system, twice a day, which is the most important gold price in the world.On September 1919, 9, representatives of the five major gold houses in Wudu gathered for the first time in the "Gold House" and began to set the daily gold price in the Wudu gold market. This system has continued to this day.
The Wudu Market sets the gold price twice a day, at 10:30 am and 3 pm respectively, and the gold market makers (ten) of the Fogdu Gold and Silver Market Association represent almost all gold traders in the world, including gold suppliers Gold demanders and speculators decide the most reasonable price for buyers and sellers in the market, and the entire pricing process is completely open.
The gold price in the Wudu gold market is the most important gold price in the world, which can affect the transaction price of the New York and Hong Kong Island gold markets.
The gold price in Wudu market is determined by the major international pricing gold banks. The pricing gold banks have considerable economic strength and status. The scale of gold transactions accounts for a considerable proportion. It has important reference value.
2. The pricing mechanism of the Su-Lei-Saxon gold market
The Su-Lei-Switzerland gold market is a world-wide gold trading center that grew rapidly after the war. It maintains a unique advantage in the world's physical gold trading. - Credit-credit-bank and Swiss-Swiss-United-United-Bank are decided by the three major banks.
Although it has no gold supply itself, Switzerland has a special banking system and an auxiliary gold trading service system.Provides a free and confidential environment for gold trading.
Therefore, the Su-Li-Zi gold market maintains a unique advantage in the world's physical gold trading.
There is no gold price fixing system in the Su-Li-Zhu gold market.The banks' positions are not disclosed, and the joint clearing system aggregates the banks' bearer positions.According to the changes in these positions, at any given time of each trading day, the price of gold traded on that day is determined in combination with supply and demand conditions.
This price is the official price of gold in the Su-Li-Zi gold market, and the gold price fluctuates freely on the basis of this price throughout the day, without the limit of the daily limit.The Su-Lei-Tez gold official price is binding on the members of the Su-Lei-Tex Gold Pool.
The Su-Li-Zi gold market is an invisible market. The gold business is mainly carried out between banks and customers, and between banks. The operating characteristics of this market are spot transactions, including gold bars and gold coins.
Commercial banks play a vital role in the formation of international gold prices, and gold is a quasi-monetary commodity.Its pricing mechanism is different from ordinary commodities and cannot be separated from the participation of commercial banks.
3. The pricing mechanism of the New York-New York gold market
New York --- New York gold market is the world's largest gold futures and futures options trading market.The New York-Ex Branch of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) Group is an on-site gold trading market, and all gold futures and futures options traded in it must be sold through open outcry or other methods. Trading system for trading.
New York - New York market price gold derivatives trading and pricing has a global authority.
4. The pricing mechanism of the Gold and Silver Exchange on Hong Kong Island
Founded in 1910, the Hong Kong Island Gold and Silver Trading Society has maintained a unique gold trading method.
Members can trade in the way of public outcry. If the dealer makes an offer, the buyout price can be 2000 Sima Liang. All transactions are decided orally without signing a contract.
The prices of the major gold markets around the world influence each other.The trading hours of major gold markets around the world are based on Fog City time.The formation of Wudu, New York - New York (Chicago - Canada) continuous gold trading.
The morning price pricing at 10:30 every morning in Fog City kicked off the Beimijin City, and then New York - New York and other markets opened successively.
When the fog is priced in the afternoon, New York - New York and other markets are still trading.The Hong Kong Island market will also join in.The end market price in Fog City will affect the morning market price in the United States, the end market price in the United States will affect the opening price in Hong Kong Island, and the end market price in Hong Kong Island and the closing price in the United States will affect the opening price in Fog City.So cycle.
[-]. Competitive strategy
The competition of gold mine products is reflected in the stability of product quality.Complete product series, rich product analogy and so on.
Due to the complex operation of the gold industry.Any quality or problem in any link will eventually affect the quality of operation, so stable product quality, advanced technology, and excellent production control management will all play a decisive role.
To sum up, the price of gold is changing at any time, so in terms of gold investment, you need to be cautious to avoid big losses!
The color of gold is very attractive, and the benefits it represents are also very attractive. However, gold mining is actually very difficult, not as easy as ordinary people imagine.
If you want to mine gold from gold ore, you have to know how to choose ore.
Some of the extraction of gold comes from placer gold, and some comes from vein gold.Since the 70s, the output of vein gold has remained at 75% to 85%, and placer gold has accounted for 15% to 25%.Since the 1990s, due to environmental factors, the share of placer gold production has further declined.
1). Gold placer:
After the primary gold deposit is exposed to the surface, due to mechanical and chemical weathering, the gold-bearing veins or gold-bearing parent rocks are gradually broken into cuttings and gold particles.
Then, under the action of transporting and sorting by external force, minerals with larger specific gravity (such as gold particles) are deposited on hillsides, riverbeds, and lakeshores to form a certain enrichment. Those with industrial mining value are called placer gold deposits.
Placer gold deposits are usually mined by dredgers, hydraulic mining, excavator mining, and underground (shaft) mining.my country's placer gold deposits are mainly mined by gold dredgers, and there are also hydraulic mining and excavator mining.
The alluvial gold beneficiation process mainly includes preparation and sorting operations before sorting.
The preparation operation is mainly composed of two processes of crushing and screening.Fragmentation is mainly to dissociate the ore particles and clayey slime in the mined ore; sieving is to screen out the coarse-grained grades that do not contain gold.
Commonly used equipment includes flat sieves, cylinder sieves, cylinder scrubbing machines, etc.
The separation of placer gold mainly adopts the gravity beneficiation method, which is because on the one hand the proportion of placer gold is large (17.50-18.0 on average).The particle size is relatively coarse (generally 0.074-2 mm), on the other hand, the gravity beneficiation method is more economical and simple.
Gravity separation equipment generally uses various types of chutes, jigs and shakers (often used for separation).
2). Vein gold mine:
The various types of gold ore differ by their properties.The beneficiation methods used are also different, but gravity separation, flotation, mixed-mercury, cyanide and today's resin pulp method, carbon slurry adsorption method, and heap leaching method are generally used to extract gold.
for certain types of ores.A joint gold extraction process is often used.
There are many gold selection process schemes used in production practice, and the following are usually used:
1. Single mixed-mercury: This process is suitable for processing quartz vein primary deposits and oxidized ores containing coarse gold.
Gold extraction by amalgamation method is an ancient and common method of gold selection. In modern gold industrial production, amalgamation method still occupies a very important position.
Since gold mostly appears in a free state in ores, some gold particles in all kinds of ores can be recovered by the mixed-mercury method.
Practice has proved that using the amalgamation method to recover part of the gold particles in advance in the gold beneficiation process can significantly reduce the loss of coarse-grained gold in the tailings.
The theoretical basis of the mixed-mercury method for gold extraction is that mercury can selectively wet the gold particles.Then diffuse into the wet gold particles.
In the slurry with water as the medium, when mercury contacts the surface of gold particles, the contact surface formed by gold and mercury replaces the original contact surface between gold and water and mercury and water, thereby reducing the surface energy and destroying the barrier of gold particles. Hydration films in contact with mercury.
At this time, mercury diffuses rapidly along the surface of gold particles and reduces the surface energy on the phase interface.The mercury then diffuses into the gold grains to form a mercury compound - amalgam (mercury-paste).
The mixed-mercury gold extraction method is divided into two types: internal-mixed-mercury and external-mixed-mercury.The amalgamation equipment used includes amalgamation plate, amalgamation chute, ramming machine, amalgamation cylinder and special small ball mill or rod mill.
The mixed-mercury gold extraction method has simple process, easy operation and low cost.However, mercury is a toxic substance that is very harmful to the human body. Therefore, the concentrator that uses mixed mercury to extract gold should strictly abide by the safety technical operation regulations.To minimize the harm of mercury-vapor-gas and metal-mercury to the human body.
2. Combined process of mixing-mercury-gravity separation: This process is divided into two schemes: mixing-mercury first and then re-selection and first re-selection and then mixing-mercury.
The first-mixing-mercury followed by gravity separation process is suitable for processing simple quartz vein gold-bearing ores. The first gravity separation and then mixing-mercury process is suitable for processing ores with large gold particles, but the surface is polluted and coated with oxide film, which is not easy to directly mix with mercury. .And placer gold ore with low gold content.
3. Gravity separation (mixed-mercury)-cyanide-oxidation combined process: This process is suitable for processing gold-bearing oxide ores in quartz veins.
The raw ore is re-selected first, and the concentrate obtained from the re-selection is amalgamated; or the raw ore is directly amalgamated.Tailings, graded ore, and mixed sand are cyanidated separately.
4. Single flotation process: This process is suitable for processing sulfide gold-containing quartz vein ores, polymetallic gold-containing sulfide ores and carbon (graphite) ores with finer gold particles and high buoyancy.
5. Mixed-mercury-flotation combined process: This process is to first use mixed-mercury to recover coarse gold in the ore, and mixed-mercury tailings for flotation.This process is suitable for processing single flotation ores, gold-bearing oxide ores and ores with associated free gold.The recovery rate obtained by this process is higher than that obtained by a single flotation process.
6. Full mud cyanide (direct cyanide) process: Gold is produced in quartz vein ore in a fine-grained or fine-grained dispersed state.The ore is highly oxidized and does not contain cu, as, sb, bi and carbonaceous substances.Such ores are most suitable for the full mud cyanide process.
The cyanide method is one of the main methods for extracting gold and silver. Gold extraction by this method has the advantages of high recovery rate, strong adaptability to ore, and the ability to produce gold on the spot, so it is widely used.
Cyanide gold extraction consists of four steps: leaching of gold-bearing ore in cyanide solution, separation of gold-bearing liquid and leaching residue, precipitation of gold leaching and smelting of gold mud.The disadvantage of this gold extraction method is that cyanide is a highly toxic substance and is easy to pollute the environment. In practice, environmental protection and governance must be strictly done.
7. Flotation-cyanide-chemical combined process: This process has the following two identical schemes:
(1) Flotation - concentrate cyanide - process.It is suitable for processing quartz vein gold-bearing ores and quartz pyrite ores that have a close symbiotic relationship between gold and sulfur-sulfides.
(2) Flotation-roasting-cyanide-oxidation process.This process is suitable for the treatment of minerals containing floatable minerals that are harmful to cyanide.Only a small amount of gold is bound to this mineral.
8. Combined flotation-gravity separation process: This process is based on flotation, and is suitable for ores where gold and sulfide are closely symbiotic and can only be recovered by smelting.It is also suitable for gold-bearing quartz vein ore with uneven coarse distribution.And get a higher recovery rate than single flotation.
9. Heap leaching method: Heap leaching method is a type of gold extraction by cyanide method, which is suitable for processing ores with low gold-bearing grades.The main advantage is that the process is simple.Low investment and low cost.
The above 9 processes are principle processes, and their internal structures should vary according to the type and nature of the ore being processed.
No matter what kind of ore, as long as it contains coarse-grained gold, the principle of early harvest and more harvesting should be implemented. Before the ore enters the flotation operation, gravity separation, mixed-mercury or single-cell flotation should be used to recover coarse-grained gold in time. .
However, don't look at gold very temptingly, actually.The gold mining process is full of various problems, and these problems have not been completely solved until now.
[-]. The laws and regulations on the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources are not perfect, and the preferential policies for the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources are not in place.
Some low-grade ores that are mined by both the rich and the poor and the co-associated useful components that carry out comprehensive utilization and recovery, because the recovery profit of this part of resources is very low and even need financial subsidies, taxes and fees are collected according to quantity and not quality, which increases the cost of utilization , Engaging in comprehensive utilization has affected the economic benefits of enterprises.
Therefore, the enthusiasm of enterprises to comprehensively utilize resources is not high.Fluctuations in the price of gold even lead to mining the rich and abandoning the poor.There is still a lack of definition of relevant laws and regulations on the collection and recycling of secondary resources such as "three == waste" in the mining industry.
[-]. Serious loss, waste and destruction of mineral resources.
Most gold mines, especially small ones, are started with very little exploration.
After the mine is put into production, production, infrastructure, and technical transformation are carried out at the same time. Most small enterprises have low technology and management levels in the dressing and smelting process, and the initial mining and dressing plan is not well thought out.Often cause greater resource loss, waste and destruction.
Baoling-City Smelter had a large amount of foam overflowing from the cyanide-chemical leaching tank due to imperfect flotation concentrate de-drug and fine grinding process, so the amount of aeration had to be reduced.The cyanide-chemical leaching rate of gold is only about 90%, and the gold content in cyanide-slag is still 6-9gt.Sometimes even well beyond the gold-bearing grades of the original ore in the area.
[-]. The development and utilization of tailings resources is not enough, and a variety of valuable associated elements have not been fully recycled.Environmental efficiency is low.
For gold mines, most of the tailings grades of gold mines in my country are 0.5, sb, w, etc. at present.
Tailings reprocessing is an effective way to improve the recovery level of gold and its associated elements. Among the existing 10 billion tons of gold dressing tailings in my country, there are as many as 300-400 tons of available gold resources.
In addition, 25 tons of gold continue to be lost to the tailings every year in the rock gold mine, and the gold grade of the tailings is as high as 0.35 gt.
In the Ji-Linjiapigou Gold Mine, the tailings stock in the old mining area is about 30 tons, the gold content in the tailings is 1.0-1.5 gt, and the gold content in the tailings in the new tailings pond is 1.4-0.68 gt.According to estimates, the tailings in the old and new tailings ponds have a total of 16t of gold reserves, 280t of copper, 2t of silver, and 500t of lead.
Many gold mines have not yet carried out comprehensive utilization, but most of the tailings have been stockpiled.
For example, the ore of the Lao-Zuo-Shan Gold Mine contains copper and cobalt, neither of which is recovered; the ore of the He-Nan Shang-Gong Gold Mine contains silver and tellurium, and the silver is recovered in the form of silver after flotation. Tellurium has no recovery measures yet, but it has been piled as tailings;
Lake——Beiji—Long—Mountain is a polymetallic symbiotic ore body, containing copper, silver, sulfur, lead, zinc, and manganese. Only the first three elements are recovered, and the latter three elements have not yet been developed due to high recovery costs. Work.
There are also many small and medium-sized mines that do not recycle the associated sulfur at all, but directly discharge it, which brings great pollution to the environment.
The techniques commonly used in tailings recovery include gravity separation, flotation, cyanide and other processes.Although the recovery of gold from tailings has achieved considerable benefits, it is precisely because of the focus on gold recovery.However, the recovery rate of other associated metal elements in tailings is generally low, and non-metal elements are basically not recovered.Cause secondary waste of resources.
There are roughly two reasons affecting the recovery of co-occurring elements: one is that the economic and technical conditions of the mine itself are limited, and recycling cannot be carried out; the other is that the technical conditions are already available, but the economic benefits of recycling are not good, and enterprises have no enthusiasm.
Fourth, insufficient attention has been paid to investment in science and technology and personnel training.
The scientific research force for the comprehensive utilization of gold mines in my country is still very weak, and the depth and breadth of research on the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources are also not enough.
On the one hand, due to the scattered industrial sectors, the scientific research strength of geology and mining is not concentrated, and the instruments, equipment, and equipment are backward, so they cannot form a fist.
On the other hand, there is a serious shortage of basic research forces for the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources.
When deploying geological prospecting work.There is no experimental research work for simultaneous deployment, comprehensive evaluation, and comprehensive utilization research.The conversion rate of existing scientific research achievements is low.
In short, at present, my country's gold production enterprises have not yet reached the due height in the comprehensive utilization of refractory gold resources, especially their lack of understanding of its importance and urgency, and they have not yet been able to correctly handle resources, environment, and benefits. Coordinated development relationship.
To sum up, gold is indeed a metal that has the ability to make people crazy, and its value is extremely large, but we must also see.Gold can also be synonymous with the devil. Sometimes, gold is not as beautiful and moving as people imagine.Therefore, in terms of looking at gold, we still have to be targeted.Don't go after gold blindly.
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The gold mine discovered by the monkey is a real rich gold mine. This can be clearly seen from the fact that the piece of gold ore brought up from Xuchang still emits a very dim golden light in the night.
A rich gold mine is not a matter of a few bucks or dozens of pieces of dog's head gold.Its value far exceeds the value of dozens of dog head gold, so to speak.As long as there is this rich gold mine, the monkey can make a fortune. In this life, no, in the next life, in the next life, in the next life... Anyway, the monkey and his descendants don’t have to worry about their future livelihood anymore, but, Monkey finally told Xu Chang about the gold mine.
By doing this, the monkey simply gave up the opportunity to let his whole family live comfortably. Xu Chang was secretly moved by such a move.
At this point, some people will say that even if the monkey doesn't tell Xu Chang about the gold mine, Xu Chang will eventually discover the secret of the gold mine. Don't forget, Xu Chang still has a piece of gold ore in his hand. The piece of gold ore at night, because there is no sunlight, and the gold ore is covered by soil, so there is nothing unusual about it, but after Xu Chang returns, he will definitely find something he took as a souvenir It was gold ore. At that time, Xu Chang would definitely think of the gold mine.
Monkey told Xu Chang about the gold mine so generously, because he knew that Xu Chang would know about it sooner or later. At that time, after Xu Chang knew about it, wouldn't he tell about the gold mine? At that time, the gold mine could not fall into the monkey's hands.
With such considerations in mind, Monkey gave Xu Chang the gold mine directly as a favor.In this way, the monkey can not only get a part of the gold mine, but also make Xu Chang owe him a big favor. Why would the monkey not do such a thing that kills two birds with one stone!
Yes, maybe the monkey did have such an idea in his heart, but his biggest idea was indeed to repay his kindness.
Xu Chang may sooner or later discover that the stone he brought up as a souvenir is actually a gold ore, but at least now Xu Chang will not find out that the stone in his hand is a gold ore.
Because the stone that Xu Chang brought up from the ground was a bit dirty, and the sun had already set, this stone looked very ordinary. However, as long as Xu Chang washed the stone clean, at that time, in Under the sunlight, there will definitely be a golden light on the stone. At that time, a fool will know that this stone is a gold ore, and he will also know that it is a gold mine.
However, the premise of all this is that Xu Chang will always keep this stone, such an inconspicuous stone, maybe Xu Chang will throw it away the next moment because this stone is in the way. After the matter was revealed, how could Xuchang know about the gold mine?
Besides, if a treasure such as a gold mine is obtained later, the benefit that this person will get will be much smaller, and there is a great possibility that he will not get any benefit in the end.
Xu Chang is a quasi-warrior, and he is indeed an overlord on this strange island, but if he is placed in the entire jade area, then Xu Chang will be the bottom of the existence.
Houzi can use this gold mine as a bargaining chip to cooperate with some powerful tasks in the Yushi District, such as the management of the Yushi District, or the warrior camp. At that time, although the monkey lost the ownership of the entire gold mine, he got There are definitely a lot of things, at least the monkeys no longer have to worry about their future livelihood.
At this time, even if Xu Chang knew that there was a gold mine on that strange island, the gold mine on the island no longer belonged to Xu Chang.
If Xu Chang wants to rely on his own force to snatch the gold mine, the result...I believe everyone can guess what Xu Chang's final result will be.
Therefore, this time, the monkey directly told Xu Chang about the gold mine. It is indeed the monkey who wants to repay Xu Chang, and it is indeed the monkey who wants to really reform. .
Xu Chang also thought of this, so for the first time, he truly accepted the monkey in his heart.
"Monkey...!" Xu Chang patted Monkey on the shoulder, and then said with a gentle face: "Monkey, I have made a deal with you. Don't worry, you will definitely have a share of this gold mine. I will give you a share of this gold mine." As many as you have, you have as many monkeys, I, Xu Chang, swear as a quasi-warrior...!"
"Hehe...!" For the first time, the monkey laughed very happily for the first time, and it was the first time that the whole person felt ecstatic, because this was the first time that the monkey behaved like a normal person. Being valued by others for his identity, Monkey really wants to shout: "This feeling is so damn cool, ah...!"
"Brother Xuchang, thank you, thank you...!" Houzi broke down in tears. Being recognized as a normal person, it feels so good to be believed by others, and Houzi is convinced once again that it is really true that he has changed his ways. wrong.
"Monkey, don't be bitter. As long as you sincerely change your ways, then everyone will accept you sincerely. Monkey, you are a good person. Isn't there such a saying: A prodigal son returns without money! Monkey, don't cry, you are the one now. The prodigal son who is not changed by gold!" Xu Chang persuaded the monkey with a gentle face, and Xu Chang understood that the monkey would be so excited.
"Hmm..." the monkey replied with a choked voice, and then the monkey wiped away the tears with his cuff and raised his head. Xu Chang was very surprised to find that the monkey who seemed to be obscene even in his bones, now No matter how you look at it, there is a sense of righteousness, which makes Xu Chang feel very relieved...
"Okay, monkey, let's not talk about other things. Let's talk about what to do with this gold mine first. We can no longer own such a large gold mine. The most important thing for us now is to deal with this gold mine. Matters related to the mine." Seeing that the monkey had calmed down, Xu Chang directly turned to the topic.
"Yeah, such a large gold-rich mine is really not something people like us can own. If this matter is not handled properly, the final result..." The monkey did not continue, but his head kept shaking... …
Of course Xu Chang knew what the monkey's head shaking meant. It wasn't that if they didn't handle the gold mine well, then the two of them, and even their families, would be threatened with their lives. Thinking of this, Xu Chang fell silent... … (To be continued..)
ps: Note: Thank you Zhixiu Xie for your great support, thank you!
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