i have a small world

"Wow..., wow...!" There was a sound of swimming in the monkey's ears. The monkey turned around and found Leng Xin swimming beside him. When he saw that Leng Xin had followed him, even Now there is still a sign of surpassing himself, the monkey's hands speed up the swimming speed again, trying to swim in front of Leng Xin.

After all, the more a monkey swims ahead, the less likely he is to be swallowed by a juvenile sand tiger shark.When facing the desperate situation of life and death, Leng Xin's psychological deterrent to the monkey has completely disappeared.

Unfortunately, no matter how fast the monkey swam, it was useless. In less than five seconds, Leng Xin swam in front of the monkey.

Monkey's physical fitness is much worse than that of Leng Xin, and monkeys have lived in inland cities since they were young, and have never swum much. Generally speaking, the swimming skills were too poor, so, soon, the monkey fell behind Leng Xin by five or six positions.

Seeing that he was already at the front, and the monkey closest to him was in five or six positions, Leng Xin felt relieved at last. With a sigh of relief, the chances of him being killed by a juvenile sand tiger shark are now minimal.However, although Leng Xin breathed a sigh of relief in his heart, there is still a question in his heart that needs to be resolved. Otherwise, Leng Xin knows that even if he escapes now, the final result will not be good. With this question in his mind, Leng Xin can escape safely, and the question in Leng Xin's mind now is to discern the direction.

In the sea, identifying the direction is the most important thing.Once you lose your way in the sea, the final result... needless to say.You also know where you end up.

On the vast sea, the weather conditions are complex and changeable, cloudy or sunny, and many people will lose their way.If you want to identify the direction in the sea, you should dabble in some astronomical knowledge such as geography.

As long as we master the knowledge of geography and astronomy, we can identify the direction according to the position of the sun, the position of the stars (mainly the North Star), the direction of the wind, the direction of the sea water, and the compass.

Here are a few ways to identify the direction in the sea.

The first method: clever use of watches to determine the position of the sun.

during the day.We can determine the direction according to the sun and the watch. In fact, the watch is a "compass".Look at the difference between the hour hand and 12 o'clock, half of the number should be the position of the sun.

举例说。现在是早上8点，相距12点有4个数，那么4的一半是即是太阳的位置，应该在10点左右；如果是下午4点。距离12点也是4个数。那么4的一半，所以太阳应该在2点的位置。

With this in mind, at 8 o'clock in the morning, raise your watch and point the direction of 10 o'clock to the sun, then the direction of 12 o'clock is almost south.

Another method presupposes that there is enough time. When it is nearly noon, look at where the sun moves from where to where in the sky within an hour. The direction of this moving path is the east-west direction.

The second type: refer to the position of the stars (mainly Polaris).When there are stars at night.You can find the position of Polaris, and if possible, bring a high-power telescope.Better results.Once you find Polaris, you can determine the specific position on the sea, because you can see a bright star at the five times the length of the mouth of the Big Dipper. This star is the Polaris, and there is the true north.

The third type: judge the direction according to the wind direction.The sea is sometimes windy according to the season, especially in the monsoon climate area. In summer, because the temperature of the sea is lower than that of the land, the air pressure of the sea is higher than that of the land, and the wind blows from the sea to the land; in winter, because the temperature of the land is lower than that of the sea, the air pressure of the land is higher than that of the sea. , the wind blows from land to sea.

Taking the China-China-North China as an example, it belongs to the temperate monsoon climate. The summer monsoon blows from the Pacific Ocean to the Eurasian continent, which is the southeast wind, and the winter monsoon blows from the Eurasian continent to the Pacific Ocean, which is the northwest wind.

If you are in the waters near Huabei and know the current season, you can roughly judge the wind direction and see the direction.Of course, this method of distinguishing directions is difficult, and it is really difficult for ordinary people to master.

The fourth type: determine the direction of sea water flow.The direction of ocean currents is regular, and generally flows from high-pressure zones to low-pressure zones. If you can roughly determine your location, you can roughly judge your orientation based on the direction of ocean currents.This method requires proficiency in contour recognition and is more difficult, so it is not recommended as the preferred method.

Fifth: use the compass.The compass is more convenient and accurate, but it must be prepared in advance and must be of good quality and accurate measurement to prevent errors caused by interference such as magnetic fields.Avoid interference such as mobile phones when measuring, place it flat on your hand, and try to avoid shaking. You can measure several times and take the average value.

These five methods can identify the direction in the vast sea, so that you will not get lost in the sea. However, if you have a boat or something, you can use the equipment on the ship to identify the direction. There are many tools for identifying the direction on the ship, such as Very old compass, modern GPS system, as long as you master the application technology of these things, you will not get lost on the sea.

The compass is the operating tool of Li Qizong. It is mainly composed of a magnetic needle located in the center of the disk and a series of concentric circles. Each circle represents the ancient Chinese's understanding of a certain level of information in the universe.

The ancient Chinese believed that the aura of man is controlled by the aura of the universe, that harmony between man and the universe is auspicious, and disharmony between man and the universe is evil.Therefore, based on experience, they put information at all levels in the universe, such as the stars in the sky, everything on the earth represented by the five behaviors, the heavenly stems and earthly branches, etc., all on the compass.

Feng shui masters use the rotation of the magnetic needle to find the most suitable location or time for a specific person or specific event.

Although the concept of "magnetic field" is not mentioned in feng shui, the coordination of direction, orientation and interval between the various circles on the compass implies the law of "magnetic field".

The invention and application of the compass is the result of human beings' continuous exploration of the mysteries of the universe, society and life.The increasing number of circles on the compass and the increasingly complex pointer system represent the accumulated practical experience of mankind.

certainly.Whether these experiences are comprehensive and correct remains to be further studied, but the information marked on the compass contains a lot of ancient Chinese wisdom.

Engels said in the book "Machine, Natural Forces and the Application of Science": "The compass (compass) opened the world market and established colonies."

This invention of the ancient Chinese was first used for navigation, and indeed played a certain role in promoting the emergence and development of capitalism.Magnetic needles are used in navigation.Make three-quarters of the earth's sea area into a thoroughfare.

In the 15th century, Columbus sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to reach the American continent; in the early 16th century, Magellan's fleet successfully circumnavigated the world, etc., all of which are inseparable from the application of magnetic needles.

But when and how the magnetic needle was introduced to Europe has been debated by international scholars for hundreds of years.

Engels made a scientific conclusion on this in his "Natural Dialectics", he pointed out: "The magnetic needle was passed from China to Europeans by the Arabs" in "around 1180. "

The predecessor of the compass was called "Sinan".The earliest record can be found in "Han Feizi? Youdu Pian" in the third century BC.At that time, when people talked about the phenomenon of magnets attracting iron, they thought it meant "a loving mother conceives a child".Therefore, "magnetism" was once written as "compassion".

Sinan is like a household spoon, with a hemispherical bottom, in order to reduce friction when placed on the plate engraved with the "dry branch" scale and make it easy to rotate.

The Song Dynasty in the 12th century AD.Zhu Yu in "Pingzhou Can Talk".Xu Jing talked about the compass used for navigation in "Koryo Illustrated Classics".Some people say that the nautical compass is too early, because according to the records of Liang Shenyue in the Southern Dynasty, "compass boats" appeared in the Jin Dynasty.

According to Japan, Secretary Volume 26 Qi Ming-Tian-Huang Four Years (the third year of Tang Gaozong Xianqing, AD 658) said: "Abe cited Tianchen Biluofu to attack Su-Shen (Bo-Haiguo)- ―Sramana Zhiyu built a compass car."

The guide car was used for nautical crusade against Su-Shen, at that time.Hirafu led 180 ships to the expedition.In the same book, Tian-zhi-tian-huang six years (Tang Gaozong Qianfeng two years. A.D. 667) said: "Wohan Shamen Zhiyou offered a guide car." "Wohan Shamen" refers to Chinese naturalized Japanese monks. )
In the Southern Song Dynasty, an independent instrument compass (a device that uses a compass to indicate the direction of the magnetic meridian is called a compass) was made, which was widely used in navigation.

Western books introducing the compass were first seen in the early 13th century, 100 years later than the records in "Pingzhou Ketan" and other books.

Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Bi Tan" in the Song Dynasty recorded the declination of the water floating needle and the magnetic needle, but Columbus discovered the declination of the magnetic needle when he crossed the Atlantic for the first time, more than 400 years later than Shen Kuo's records.

The liquid magnetic compass is commonly used on ships of various countries in modern times, which is an important creation of navigation technology.This design is based on the traditional European dry compass and absorbs the floating needle technology of our country for 800 years to make the magnetic compass more and more perfect. This should be an important achievement of scientific and technological exchanges between China and the West.

Before the invention of the compass, the ancients used the stars to distinguish the direction. At night, they determined the direction by observing the North Star, and during the day, they distinguished the direction through the shadow of the sun.

Very early on, our ancestors invented compass carts and sundials (g) to distinguish the horizon.The sundial (g) was the earliest compass.

Before the invention of the compass, the azimuth could not be divided very finely.Only the eight general directions of north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west, and northwest can be used to describe direction and orientation.

The eight trigrams are used in Feng Shui to express: Kan hexagram represents the north, Gen hexagram represents the northeast, Zhen hexagram represents the east, Xun hexagram represents the southeast, Li hexagram represents the south, Kun hexagram represents the southwest, Dui hexagram represents the west, Qian hexagram represents the northwest square.

The sundial (g) positioning divides the ground plane into twelve equal parts, and uses twelve earthly branches: Zi, Chou, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu, and Hai to indicate the orientation.

With the development of the processing industry, the magnetic needle changed from the original spoon shape to the needle shape, and from the water floating magnetic needle to the thimble, which caused a qualitative change in the measurement accuracy of the compass.

In the Tang Dynasty, Yang Junsong combined the two positioning systems of the eight trigrams and the twelve earthly branches into one, and removed A, B, C, D, E, Ji, G, Xin, Ren, and Gui from the ten heavenly stems indicating the position of the middle palace. Except for E and Ji, all of them are added to the azimuth system to indicate the azimuth.

Therefore, the 360-degree circumference of the ground plane is divided into 24 equal parts.It is called 24 mountains, each mountain occupies 15 degrees, and the three mountains form one hexagram.Each hexagram occupies 45 degrees.

The 24 mountains have been preserved since they were created in the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, the 24 mountains of the site are one of the main levels of Yangpan.

The three mountains Ren, Zi and Gui in the north belong to the Kan hexagram after birth, and the Kun hexagram innately; the three mountains in the northeast belong to Chou, Gen and Yin, and the acquired day belongs to the Gen hexagram.Xiantian belongs to Zhen Gua;

The three mountains in the east, Jia, Mao, and Yi, belong to the Zhen Gua in the acquired world, and the Li Gua in the innate world; the three mountains in the southeast are Chen, Xun, and Si.Houtian belongs to Xun Gua, Xiantian belongs to Dui Gua;

The three mountains Bing, Wu, and Ding in the south belong to Li Gua after birth, and the Qian Gua belongs to Qian Gua innately; Wei, Kun, and Shen are the three mountains in the southwest.The day after tomorrow belongs to the hexagram Kun.The Xiantian belongs to the Xun Gua; the western three mountains Geng, You, and Xin, the acquired Tian belongs to the Dui Gua, and the Xiantian belongs to the Kan Gua;

Yang Gong, as the patriarch of Yang Gong Fengshui in Jiangnan, not only created a complete theory of Fengshui, but also made a reasonable transformation of the compass, a tool used in Fengshui.

The 24 mountain disks of the site were created by Yang Gong, who did not have a complete 24 mountain disks before.There are only eight trigrams and twelve earthly branches.

Although the compass of the Han Dynasty also had the signs of the eight trigrams, the earthly branches and the heavenly stems, they were not equally divided.Instead, the heavenly stems, eight trigrams, and twelve earthly branches are divided into three layers, and the degrees they occupy are inconsistent.

Yang Gong rearranged it and completely distributed the eight trigrams, heavenly stems, and earthly branches in the plane orientation, which is an epoch-making creation.

The star plate on the 24 mountains of the land, that is, the 72 dragon plate, was created by Yang Gong in his later years.Yang Gong discovered through long-term practice of public opinion: Yin-yang and five elements generally exist in all directions, and the distribution of Yin-yang and five elements is determined according to the attributes of the eight trigrams and five elements, which is inconsistent with the actual situation. Tiangan, using the five elements of Nayin to express the attributes of the five elements of the dragon, is called the "upside down" five elements.

In "Qing Nang Austrian Language", "Dangdang, there are jewels in the 24 mountains; in Dangdang, there are fire pits in the 24 mountains", the "Dangdang" refers to the five elements of Nayin of 72 dragons.

The compass consists of three parts: Tianchi: also called the seabed, which is the compass.

The Tianchi of the compass is composed of a thimble, a magnetic needle, a seabed line, a cylindrical outer box, and a glass cover, and is fixed in the center of the inner disk.There is a pointed thimble in the center of the bottom surface of the round box, and there is a concave hole in the center of the bottom surface of the magnetic needle, and the magnetic needle is placed on the thimble.

The end of the compass with an arrow points to south, and the other end points to north.

There is a red line drawn on the bottom surface of Tianchi (seabed), which is called the seabed line. There are two red dots on both sides of the north end. When using it, make the north end of the magnetic needle coincide with the seabed line.

The bottom of the modern compass is marked with crosshairs, and the tops of the crosshairs are printed with south, east, and north respectively. When using it, the north end of the magnetic needle should point to the north end of the crosshair on the bottom of the sea, and the magnetic needle should coincide with the north-south line on the bottom of the sea.

Inner disk: It is the rotatable disk next to the outside of the compass.

There are many concentric circles printed on the inner disk, and one circle is called a layer.Each layer is divided into different equal parts, some layers have more grids, some layers have fewer grids, the least is only divided into eight grids, and the layer with the most grids has 380 four grids, and different characters are printed on each grid.

There are many types of compasses, some have more layers, some have fewer layers, the most has 52 layers, and the least has only five layers.

The various contents of the compass are respectively engraved on different coils (layers) of the inner disk, which are the main components of the compass.All schools of feng shui include their main content on the compass, making the Chinese compass an encyclopedia of Chinese spells.

Outer disk: The outer disk is a square, which is the tray of the inner disk. There is a small hole at the midpoint of the outer sides of the four sides, and the red line penetrates into it to form the Tianxin Ten Dao, which is used to read the contents of the inner disk.

The ten paths of Tianxin are required to be perpendicular to each other. The new compass you just bought must be calibrated before use.

The compass is a basic tool for measuring the magnetic azimuth of the earth's surface, and is widely used in various fields such as military affairs, navigation, surveying and mapping, forestry, exploration, and construction.

The compass is actually a tool that uses the principle of compass positioning to measure the azimuth of the earth. The compass is used in geomantic omens for grid, sand elimination, water intake, and the orientation of buildings.

Shen Kuo, a famous scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty (author of "Mengxi Bi Tan"), discovered the existence of magnetic declination in the scientific practice of making and applying compass.He brilliantly pointed out that this is because the magnetic poles on the earth are not exactly at the north and south poles.

The compass and magnetic declination theory, that is, the marine compass played a huge role in ocean navigation, enabling people to gain the ability to navigate around the clock, and for the first time, humans gained the freedom to navigate in the vast sea.

Since then, many new routes have been opened up, the voyage has been shortened, the development of shipping has been accelerated, and cultural exchanges and trade exchanges between people of various countries have been promoted.

The significance of the marine compass to the nautical industry cannot be overstated.Joseph Needham said: "Your ancestors were far more advanced in navigation than ours. China knew how to use the front and rear sails to sail against the wind long before Europe. Perhaps this is the reason. In the history of Chinese navigation, slaves with multiple oars have never been used. Boat."

Of course, with the development of current technology, such things as compass are hard to come by, and the GPS positioning system is the most used tool for identifying direction on ships.

However, where does Leng Xin have the GPS positioning system now, even if it is a compass or a compass, or even a watch (people rarely wear a watch now, after having a mobile phone, the role of the watch is gradually replaced!), Therefore, for Leng Xin now, identifying the direction in the sea has become the second most important thing in his mind.

If you get lost in the vast sea, Leng Xin believes that at that time, you will definitely die. Fortunately, you have escaped the catastrophe of life and death for a while, and you still have a good life to enjoy. Therefore, Leng Xin definitely does not want to die like this In the sea, he had to find a way to survive.

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