Valley Emperor

Li Xuan has always been reforming the imperial examination system of the Tang Dynasty, and the object of reference is naturally the education system of later generations, but it is not only the education system, but also the civil service examination system.

It's just that the system of later generations can only be used as a reference. Naturally, it cannot be copied all at once. Otherwise, it is easy to be unsatisfactory.

Li Xuan's idea is to gradually reform the traditional imperial examination system into a combination of civil service examination and modern education, and also incorporate some elements of the traditional imperial examination. After all, many things cannot be discarded at will.

For example, the word imperial examination cannot actually be lost. At most, it is to change the method and content of the examination, but the core of the imperial examination is not actually the method and content. It is a space for the middle and lower class scholars to rise and evolve into a space for the ruling class.

And this is also the core of the civil service system in later generations!

Only by continuously attracting the best talents to the ruling class can the rule be maintained for a longer time.

This was also an important factor in Li Xuan's insistence on expanding the scale of the general examination. Now the general examination system in the Tang Dynasty is about to completely evolve into a civil servant examination system.

Since the branch examination room was opened in Zhili two years ago, there have been no major troubles after the trial. Therefore, the scale of the general examinations last year and this year has been gradually expanded. This year's general examinations, in addition to the four schools in Zhili, also Exam rooms have been opened in six provinces of Hebei, Hubei, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Sichuan and Shanxi.

About 1,200 people were admitted to the Jinling examination room, while 3,400 people were admitted to the Zhili Sidao and six provincial examination rooms. As the number of people admitted more and more, Li Xuan also followed up with a The policy, that is, the allocation grades of new scholars and doctors also continued to decrease.

At the same time, when the township examination was held this year, Li Xuan once again issued a policy. The core of this policy is: next year, that is, the eleventh year of Xuanping, all provinces within the empire must open examination rooms at the same time. , each province has set up examination rooms, and students from each province can go to each examination room to participate in the imperial examination.

At the same time, it is also stipulated that the scholars admitted by the provincial examination centers are also divided into first-class, second-class, and third-class and are awarded officials respectively.

And the focus is actually on the latter item!

The new policy stipulates that the new Jinshi, Ph.D., and the top three grades admitted next year will be awarded the nine grades, the second grades will be awarded the eighth grade, and the first grade will be awarded the eighth grade.

And the students who are directly recruited from various places are awarded the nine grades.

No way, with the passage of time, the vacancies in Datang's officialdom have gradually been filled, and the vacancies in the middle and high-level positions are basically gone. At the same time, Li Xuan also wants to completely complete the reform of the civil service system, so Xinke Jinshi It is also inevitable that the grades will get lower and lower.

At present, in the official system of the Tang Dynasty, generally from the 9th grade and the 9th grade, that is, the grass-roots clerks, staff members, etc. In the past, people of this grade were recruited directly from the local area, and the management was not very strict, but in the future it will definitely be It can't be like this. According to the existing plan, if you want to become a civil servant in the future, even if it is the lowest grade from the ninth grade, it is necessary to recruit people.

This series of imperial examination reforms did not cause much repercussions, because the imperial examinations have changed almost every year in recent years, and many people can guess that the senior officials are gradually promoting the reform of the imperial examinations, and the final goal has not been achieved. It is estimated that it is impossible to stop the reform.

What's more, after the reform, scholars have a greater chance of becoming an official. Although it is impossible to be the same as before, the jinshi who passed the examination immediately became a middle-level official of the sixth and seventh grades, but only the grades of the ninth and eighth grades. But quality is better than nothing!

How many people were admitted to the meeting in the previous year, but only two or three hundred people.

But how many people does the Tang Dynasty admit in a year? Thousands of people start!

This has expanded the number of new officials tenfold, which means that more than ten times as many scholars have been incorporated into the ruling class of the Tang Dynasty, making the ruling class of the Tang Dynasty more stable.

The best way to prevent the students from revolting is not to mark them day and night, but to turn them into their own!

The imperial examination system is undergoing reform, and correspondingly, the education system is also undergoing reform. With the gradual formation of various normal schools opened a few years ago, and the emergence of a large number of normal graduates, it was the first time that the Tang Dynasty ushered in secondary and higher education. wave of expansion!

In just ten years of Xuanping, two universities have been established. The newly established two universities, one is Guangzhou University, the other is Tianjin University, one south and one north, which can be regarded as supplements to the higher education systems in the south and the north. , If you add Wuchang University and Shanghai University established in Xuanping nine years, then there are already six large-scale comprehensive universities in the empire!

As for the Royal Institute of Technology, this is not an ordinary university and is not included in it.

In addition to the six comprehensive universities, the empire also has a total of more than 20 normal schools. Basically, there is one normal school in every province and province. The size and strength of teachers depend on the population and economic conditions of each province. Therefore, these normal schools are weak and weak, with only a few hundred students, such as Guiyang Normal University, but there are also normal schools that are large enough to be comparable to comprehensive universities, and even their educational system is closer to comprehensive universities, such as Jiangnan Normal School.

Jiangnan Normal University is located in Suzhou, a place where literati gathers, and Jiangnan Road is a place where the literary style is prosperous. Of course, and more importantly, Jiangnan Road is rich!

Its campus buildings and equipment and other hardware facilities are not inferior to Jinling University, but the teachers are a little worse. There is no way, this money is useless, those high-level talents can teach in universities, but they will not teach in normal schools.

But even so, Jiangnan Normal University is also strong, with more than 1,300 students in the school.

In addition to these universities and normal schools, there is also a special kind of education system run by the government, that is, preparatory schools. In contemporary terms, this kind of preparatory schools can actually be regarded as higher education.

Because the preparatory school is very simple, it is prepared for those who are preparing to go to university, but those who can be admitted to the preparatory school will never apply for the normal school.

This can be seen from the fact that the number of preparatory schools is less than that of normal schools. Currently, there are only twelve preparatory schools in the entire country, which is much less than the more than 20 normal schools.

Under the normal schools and preparatory schools, there are ordinary middle schools, most of which are run by the state government, and the number is more, because when it was planned, every prefecture, province and Zhili prefecture needed to set up one, and it was directly related to the state school. / The state schools were directly converted into middle schools. These middle schools were numerous and varied in quality.

Primary schools are hosted at the county level. Generally speaking, a county will have at least one primary school, but some counties will have two or more. At the same time, the Empire is open to private education. As long as it is registered and approved, then The former private school can be turned into a private primary school.

Therefore, within the scope of the Datang Empire, there are actually a very large number of private primary schools. Many villages with a slightly larger scale may have a private primary school. Well, that is the kind of private school in the past.

Therefore, whether it was before or now, in fact, the main force of elementary education in the Datang Empire has always been private schools. As for the government-run elementary schools, they simply cannot meet the huge educational needs.

Not only primary schools, in fact middle schools, and even higher education, there are traces of private schools, and there are many, such as the very famous Songjiang College, which is an imperial examination department of the Ministry of Rites that admits that graduates of this school can participate in the general examination. Or the admissions test for each university, just like other normal schools.

And this Songjiang College was actually jointly established by more than a dozen local gentry families. On the one hand, they were seeking fame. Running a school is a very respectable thing these days. For this reason, many gentry landlords are very Happy to donate to school.

On the other hand, people are naturally also trying to solve the problem of their own disciples studying!

The literary style of Jiangnan Road is too prosperous, and there are countless scholars. If you want to fight a **** path among so many scholars, to be admitted to preparatory or Jiangnan Normal schools, it is not easy to tell the truth, it is more difficult than going directly to the exam .

In order to give their children a way to continue their studies, bypassing the restrictions of jurisprudence, and thus obtaining the qualifications to directly participate in the examination, these gentry and landlords would generously donate money to set up this Songjiang Academy.

And Songjiang College is currently the most successful private college in the empire. It has a standard normal education system, and teachers are dug from government-run schools at high prices. As for hardware facilities, it is small but Complete with internal organs.

Of course, this fee is not ordinary expensive!

Private schools are not those public normal and preparatory schools. Although self-funded students are also expensive, they are not too expensive, and as long as their grades are good enough, they can still get scholarships. However, in Songjiang College, the tuition fees are expensive. There are more than a thousand taels of silver a year, and ordinary wealthy families cannot afford it.

Government-run schools and private schools together constitute the current education system of the Datang Empire. Currently, higher education is dominated by the government, while enlightenment education is dominated by the private sector.

However, this situation will certainly not last long. Education is the foundation, especially basic education. In the past two years, Li Xuan has been very interested in basic education. On the contrary, his interest in higher education is not that great. .

Because Li Xuan thinks that ~www.wuxiaspot.com~ has a small number of highly educated talents, and there is no need to train everyone as college students, which is not a good thing.

After all, people who have received higher education will also have higher demands, but the high-quality demand positions that the empire can provide is also limited, and it is impossible to satisfy too many people.

If there are too many people with higher education, it is easy to cause trouble, that is, some high-level talents who have not been able to obtain high-quality demand in the society will eventually develop dissatisfaction, and then cause various troubles, such as revolution... ... all kinds of slaps...

Faced with this kind of problem, Li Xuan decided to school Americans to engage in elite education!

For a few talents, let them receive higher education, and let them become the middle class of society!

As for ordinary people, go to a university, just go to an elementary school.

The workers needed in the future industrial revolution also need to graduate from college, and primary school is enough!

Therefore, primary school is more important than college!