Back to the Republic of China to be a editor

"The Soviet government will give priority to purchasing and using computers because...the Soviet economic system is too large and complex, and computers must be used to improve statistical efficiency?" asked the chief accountant.

"No," Tang Hua said, "it's because the Soviets don't know how to use abacus."

Chapter 24, Homecoming

The national statistics mode of the T50 computer...is really a marketing gimmick.

Especially in China, paper + pen + abacus are quite fast for simple economic statistics and financial accounting.Abacus addition and subtraction can be several times to nearly 10 times higher than hand-brain calculations, that is, multiplication and division are more troublesome.In the Soviet Union, there are also mechanical/relay calculators, but they are very expensive. When you open the box, it is full of thin steel wires and gears, and the processing accuracy is comparable to that of clocks and watches.But even so, it is a bit extravagant to let the T50 computer replace six mechanical/relay calculators for the national statistics department.

A computer that can really meet the needs of users must be a T51 or even a T52.Now it is mainly to open a breakthrough. Even if a small number of computers enter the Soviet Union, it can also cultivate the acceptance and usage habits of the Soviet Union's high-level personnel.

……

March 1950, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Zhao Zhongyao and Director J.G. Trump took a last stroll on the MIT campus.Zhao Zhongyao will set off to return to China tomorrow. Together with several other scientists, he will first go to Hawaii to give academic lectures, then transfer to Japan for academic exchanges at the University of Tokyo, and then from Japan to Dalian and then to Tianjin.

"Mr. Trump, thank you very much for your support and help over the years," Zhao Zhongyao said, "Whether it is the proton accelerator or the salary level of my teaching in Massachusetts, you have made great efforts to win, before leaving He also won the last month's salary for me..."

"You're the best part of the Chinese people, Dr. Zhao, and I think all Chinese people are great," Director Trump said. "That's why I like China. I don't see it the way the average American does. Similarly, the Chinese are smart, hardworking, united, and have the courage to fight and sacrifice when the nation is in danger. In the past World War II, the Chinese people fought the Japanese army for 8 years with huge sacrifices. If It was not because of China's backwardness and poverty, if the Chinese had enough weapons and ammunition, the Allied forces would have defeated Japan long ago."

Zhao Zhongyao nodded, "That's why I insist on returning to China, building my own country, and changing her poor and backward status."

"I fully support this," Director Trump said. "The Chinese are peaceful and kind. In history, you have never actively invaded and occupied other countries. I don't think that increasing China's industrial or military strength will do anything to the United States." Threat. China is the stabilizer of order in East Asia. We wrongly chose Japan and regarded Japan as a representative of Asians, which eventually led to serious consequences. In the future, the United States cannot make mistakes like Pearl Harbor again, and we must make friends with China , to be friends with the Chinese, not to choose those aggressive and aggressive nations.... Hey! Donald, don't run around around adults!"

Beside them, a little boy with blond hair in a turtleneck stopped. "Uncle John, I'm just feeling how fast I'm running."

"Then you should also ask your uncles for permission, or at least let us know of your existence," Director Trump said. "This is Dr. Zhao, uncle's best friend."

"This is my nephew Donald, who is only four years old and seems to never be quiet," Director Trump said to Zhao Zhongyao. "My brother is busy with business and sent little Donald to my home at MIT last month. Probably to let him breathe the air of the university."

"Hello, Uncle Zhao."

"Hi, little Donald," Zhao Zhongyao said to Donald with a smile and lowered his head, "Uncle will return to his own country tomorrow, which is a very, very far away place."

"Is that faraway land as beautiful as America?"

"It is as beautiful as it is, and there are many kind people. It is a magical land." Zhao Zhongyao said, "Little Donald, I give you a gift. It is the totem of the people on that land."

Donald took the five-star red flag badge made of small metal pieces from Zhao Zhongyao, and said, "Thank you, Uncle Zhao."

……

California, San Francisco.

Across the entire North American continent, Zhao Zhongyao came to the west coast from the east coast.His accelerator and various instruments and equipment were shipped to China Resources Company several months ago, so Zhao Zhongyao's luggage this time is very simple, only two suitcases for his personal belongings.

"Mr. Zhao, please stay in the hotel we arranged for one or two days," said the liaison officer sent by China Resources to the United States. "Some scientists are still on their way to San Francisco and need to wait for a few days."

"Oh. How many of you have arrived?"

"Mr. Deng Jiaxian, Mr. Shi Changxu, and Mr. Luo Shijun have arrived. Mr. Zhu Guangya has also set off and is on his way. He is expected to arrive in San Francisco tomorrow. Dr. Qian is a bit difficult..."

"Well, I heard before I left that his certificate to participate in confidential research was revoked, and he was detained at the pier when he was about to return to China for the first time last month."

In fact, in March, Caltech had already raised a $3 bail and got the old money out.The China Resources liaison officer suggested that he pack lightly, go to two cities and go missing, then get on the boat and leave.But when Lao Qian was thinking about it, he got into trouble with the U.S. judicial system. He asked a lawyer to file a lawsuit to prove that the materials he wanted to take abroad did not contain U.S. secrets, so he was delayed.In fact, this lawsuit was actually won in the end, but after winning the lawsuit, China and the United States are no longer open to air, and the allies of the United States and China are basically closed to air.

On the list provided by Tang Hua, Lao Qian is a category A scientist who "will do everything possible to bring him back to China".But at the same time, Tang Hua also specifically instructed the time window, which is a higher principle than any A-type and B-type. March 1950, 3 was the dividing line. Near this date, if the scientists could not get their freedom or leave the original unit to return to China, the mobilized scientists had to be sent away first.

"After Mr. Zhu arrives in San Francisco tomorrow, our group will set off," said the liaison officer. "Dr. Qian will figure out a way later."

……

Ukraine, Kiev Electrotechnical Research Institute.

Sergey Alexievich Lebedev was in a very bad mood at the moment.

After the MESM was successfully developed, Tang Hua ran away with his little girlfriend. He returned to Moscow first, and then returned to China in a blink of an eye. He was never found again.That's okay, the big boss Tang Hua left a set of mass production plan and improvement direction for the deputy chief designer of the computer. However, in the past half a year, the mass production plan was rejected and the improvement direction was distorted.

The top Soviet leaders were aroused by Tang Hua, and they were very optimistic about computer & informatization governance, but the first computer MESM manufactured in Kiev was obviously a computer for scientific research. Not as it was depicted in the blueprint.Therefore, the plan for mass production of MESM was shelved.Not only was the reaction from the Soviet government cold, but so were all the universities in the Soviet Union.Although universities and research institutes are enthusiastic about computers, their enthusiasm is focused on mobilizing their own students and teachers, opening a laboratory with vacuum tubes and installing a computer for fun.What about the ones that were agreed to be produced in Kiev and then supplied to scientific research units throughout the Soviet Union?

In terms of development direction, well, in January 1950, Tula Instruments took over a vacuum tube the size of an index finger and said that this was the core component of the next generation of computers.What, have an opinion?I have shrunk a fist-sized vacuum tube down to the size of a finger. What a technological advance.

After being brainwashed by Tang Hua, Lebedev's view on the development direction of computer hardware is obviously different from that of Tula Instrument.

One day at the end of March, Lebedev received a letter from China.Open it and look at it. First, there is a photo. There are two people standing next to a wardrobe, one is Andy Lau and the other is Chen Kun. Oh no, one is Vice Premier Chen and the other is Tang Hua.A blackboard above the closet displayed the luminous word "T3". On the photo, Tang Hua wrote a sentence in Russian:

"come here."

After reading the text of the letter, Lebedev was both excited and suspicious. "Lysenko... Lysenko, bastard, can you really help me?"

Chapter 25, you can become an expert in aiding China

Trofim Denisovich Lysenko, Soviet biologist.

When Lysenko was young, he discovered the effect of cold-soaking wheat seeds to increase production (later summarized as vernalization), and then made several agricultural technology inventions, won awards, and entered the scientific world.It's a pity that Lysenko made a mistake in the technology tree from then on, and embarked on the evil path of acquired inheritance, which tossed the entire Soviet biological world and even the scientific world.

Acquired inheritance is a school of early genetics, which believes that in the course of individual life, organisms are affected by external environmental conditions, resulting in trait changes with adaptive significance and a certain direction, which can be passed on to offspring, resulting in gradual evolution of organisms.For example, a street-serving author is slapped in the face with bricks every day, and his son, who is also an author, is also slapped with bricks every day. Then in his grandchildren, he may have a grandson with a flat face and forehead. Come.

Corresponding to it is the Mendel-Morgan theory, which believes that genes are the main cause of heredity, and the evolution of species is also derived from gene variation, and then the natural environment selects individuals in the direction of variation that are more suitable for survival.Now everyone knows that acquired inheritance is not a common phenomenon but a special case. In fact, in the 40s, the biological community became more and more inclined to the Mendel-Morgan theory as the mainstream.However, in the Soviet Union, because Lysenko and Stalin had a particularly good relationship, acquired inheritance has always been the mainstream and cannot be questioned.No matter who is in the Academy of Sciences, as long as the word Morgan is mentioned, Lysenko will rush to tear it up.Later, some people said that Lysenko made the frontier biological research of the entire Soviet Union stagnate for 30 years on his own. Ruchev was also on good terms).

At the end of the 30s, Lysenko threw a large number of Morgan school biologists and scientists of other disciplines who supported the Morgan school into prison.Later, arresting people were not allowed to go to prison in Siberia, so Lysenko changed to kicking people with flying feet.To use an analogy, Vavilov, the president of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, is a group leader who doesn't care much, while Lysenko is a dog manager who is hated by everyone, and he will fly when he sees anyone who is not pleasing to the eye. ——At that time, academicians in the Soviet Union were not tenured and could be dismissed.

……

At the Kiev National University, Lysenko gave a lecture on the mysteries of acquired inheritance to academicians and researchers throughout Ukraine, and "discovered a new example of acquired inheritance".Lebedev was in the audience, listening to Lysenko's long speech with some trepidation in his heart.After finally waiting for a short break and questioning period, Lebedev raised his hand to ask questions.

"You mean, according to the law of acquired inheritance, if we cut off the ears of a cow and cut off the ears of its offspring, so that from generation to generation, one day we will be able to cultivate a cow that does not grow Cow with ears?"

Lysenko rolled his eyes and replied, "Yes, that's it."

Lebedev asked again: "Very well, then please explain why women have always been exposed?"

The audience was silent for a while, and then burst into loud laughter:

"Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha……"

……

a month later.

"Boss, your method really works," Valery said, "In less than two weeks, we became electrical engineers of the China Aid Expert Group."

"I heard that at the meeting, after you finished your sentence, Lysenko stared at you as if he wanted to eat you, hehe"

Lebedev, Valery, Andrey, Vetelnikov, Alexander, team members of the MESM computer development team, are now on a Greek ship bound for Shanghai from the Black Sea.According to the terms of the technical assistance agreement signed between China and the Soviet Union in February, the Soviet Union would send several expert groups to China for technical guidance in the first half of 2, and Lebedev was kicked to China.After simply packing up the luggage and technical materials, Lebedev's five-member team happily set off on the road.

"This method was taught by Tang. He also said that Shanghai has established a computer research institute, and we can start working there immediately. And," Lebedev added, "Tang assured me that every day in Shanghai You can eat fresh oranges!"