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Chief accountant: "It's too troublesome. The ward is not big enough. Where can I put the computer?"

Tang Hua started to take out his bag: "It's not too big, it's not as big as your abacus..."

The chief accountant watched as Tang Hua took out a flat object slightly larger than a palm from his bag.

"This is also a kind of computer, but its functions are relatively simplified and single, so I call it a calculator, which is specially designed to solve daily calculation problems. This is the on-off key. You press it, and it is turned on when you hear a click. Press it again , Click, turned off. The place next to it can be opened, and after opening, you can see two AA batteries, which are the power supply for this calculator. If the power is not enough, just replace the two batteries.”

The calculator is so simple, it can be turned on and off, it can be reset, and the chief accountant can use it.First press the number on the calculator, and the operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. After inputting, press the equal sign, and the result will come out immediately.

"Your Bureau of Electronics and Information Industry really has a lot of fairy stuff..." said the chief accountant.

"It's just that it's not suitable for public sale right now, only a few samples can be produced and circulated internally for trial use."

Team X in Beijing successfully made a chip with an integration level of 380 transistors. Based on the current equipment at hand is almost the limit, the next step is to wait for the new master production equipment in April and May. What can a chip with 380 transistors do?In fact, it is really possible to build a computer system with chips of this level, and the size of the integrated circuit computer will be magically smaller than that of the T52.However, Tang Hua has plenty of time now, and he can continue to slowly increase the level of integration, enhance reliability, and reduce manufacturing costs.

As for the 380-tube chip produced in this trial, of course it is also useful, such as making a small toy such as a calculator to show off technology.

"We have newly developed a technology called integrated circuit, which can make parts that can fill a large box into a fingernail-sized part. There are 6 fingernails in this calculator, which is a regular computer that can be produced abroad now. , The computing power may not be so strong." Tang Hua said, "Ah, by the way, because integrated circuit technology is now our exclusive monopoly, so this thing in your hand... is more important than anti-aircraft missiles."

The chief accountant thought carefully about whether the security treatment he enjoyed as a deputy prime minister was enough, and then he was relieved, picked up the calculator and looked left and right.

"By the way, Tang Hua, last year in 1952, the export value of electronic products exceeded that of grain." The chief accountant said.

"The expected news. Continue to work hard to export in 1953. It is nothing to export more than food. It would be best if the export of electronic products can reach 10 times the export of food."

If the export of electronic products is 5 million yuan and the grain export is 4 million yuan, then the country is reluctant to stop exporting grain, because 4 million yuan is still a lot of money at this time.But if the export value of electronic products is 40 billion and the export value of grain is still 4 million, then the foreign exchange exchanged for grain export is not particularly important.Even if the export of food is stopped, as long as the industrial sector works hard to increase the export of electronic products by another 10%, the problem will be solved.

Not only in the field of export, but also in domestic finance and taxation.When the annual fiscal revenue is more than 2000 billion, the agricultural tax of 600 billion is absolutely not waived.But when the national fiscal revenue is 7000 trillion, the agricultural tax of 700 billion is nothing.

"Will you export this calculator in 1953?"

"No export. Not in 1953, nor in 1954. But in 1954, we will first use integrated circuit technology on some computers in our country."

A calculator is a small item, and the price is too high to be suitable, and it cannot be sold.If it is a low-cost electronic product, it will have to wait for the chip to be mass-produced in the form of a large factory, and then it will make sense to do this.Now this thing can be regarded as a practice of showing off technology.

……

Beijing.

After receiving Li Fuchun's long telegram from Moscow, the State Council and the State Planning Commission held a meeting to discuss the Soviet Union's opinions on the First Five-Year Plan, and then called back to Li Fuchun.

"We agreed that the Soviet State Planning Commission's opinion on our five-year plan was correct. This is the Soviet Union's valuable opinion on planning work, and it will be of great help to our country's formulation of the five-year plan."

"In the five-year plan, the annual growth rate of industrial production is planned to be lowered to 13.5% to 15%. During the implementation process, the growth rate may be slightly higher in some years, but the overall average growth rate is controlled at this figure."

"Steel plan, the Ministry of Heavy Industry has carried out the plant infrastructure construction in Wuhan and Daye as planned, and there is no need to postpone it. In addition, whether the State Planning Commission of the Soviet Union may consider advancing the delivery time of the second primary rolling mill continuous mill of Anshan Iron and Steel Company by half a year to a year, This can balance the production capacity of Northeast Steel and steel products."

"Electric power plan, calculated according to the speed and method of the Soviet Union, the power generation in 1957 should be 159 billion kWh. But the Soviet Union proposed that the annual average utilization hours of equipment should reach 4800 hours, which may be achieved in some power generation systems, but there are still many legacy power generation in the country The factory equipment is old, and it is difficult to reach this level on average across the country. The growth of the industry may reach 20% in some years, and if there is no margin for the growth of power generation, it may affect the growth of the industry. Therefore, the previously determined power generation In addition to the machine introduction project, it is necessary to purchase power generation equipment with a total installed capacity of 100 million kilowatts."

"Because the full official draft of the First Five-Year Plan is temporarily unavailable, the State Planning Commission has drawn up an interim instruction on the five-year plan to guide industrial construction in the first half of this year. The interim instruction and reference materials are now provided by Chai Shu Comrade Pan took it to Moscow and asked Soviet comrades to review it. At the same time, it was also used as a preparatory material for the official draft of the five-year plan. After all, the domestic industrial construction in the first half of this year was carried out under the command of temporary instructions."

……

Even before the five-year plan comes out, industrial construction can't be run automatically by AI...a temporary plan must be made.After the draft of the First Five-Year Plan was sent to the Soviet Union last year, Soviet experts have returned two opinions. According to these two opinions and the actual situation, some adjustments have been made. When there is no First Five-Year Plan, it can be developed according to this temporary plan.

Tang Hua in Shanghai also saw the long telegram sent by Li Fuchun from Moscow.

The Soviet aid part of the plan has been cut down a bit compared to last time.The Soviet side cut off the projects that did not carry out detailed exploration of the factory site and address data. In the past six months, some domestic projects have been cut off. In addition, some plans have been postponed to the [-]th time period, and the [-]th has nothing to do with these projects. up.

"Prime Minister: In terms of heavy chemical industry, due to the large amount of coal explosives in Shanxi and Shaanxi, the output of Taiyuan Arsenal has increased rapidly, and the number of ammonia synthesis equipment imported in Taiyuan should be increased from one set to two sets, one of which is used for fertilizer supply and the other combined with nitric acid. The production line makes ammonium nitrate."

"Jilin Electric Carbon Carbon Calcium Nitride Factory can not import a complete set of Soviet equipment for construction, and instead have domestic technicians and engineers complete it within three to four years."

"There is a discussion about relocating the Fulaerji Heavy Machinery Factory in Daye. Chairman Gao advocates not moving it in Fulaerji. In fact, I think Daye and Fulaerji both need one."

"In terms of military industry, only the introduction of 152mm howitzers and 130mm cannons can be retained for ground suppression artillery. The 203mm field cannon is difficult to use, so we don't need to introduce it. The 122mm cannon has a lot of overlap with the 130mm. The technology is also commonly used in heavy tank main guns, but we are not currently planning to imitate heavy tanks..."

"In terms of the aviation industry, the delivery date of the equipment for the Yak 18 and its engine factory and four repair shops has been advanced one year. For other aircraft types, the Air Force does not intend to introduce the Tu-4 and Tu-2. I agree. But the overhaul shop for heavy bombers , the Aviation Industry Bureau needs to continue to improve and add equipment in order to prepare for future expansion into an aircraft factory. In this regard, the next-generation bomber at the same level as the Tu-4 is the Il-2, and the next-generation bomber at the same level as the Tu-28 is Figure-4, the future aviation industry will definitely develop in this direction.”

……

When writing the telegram about Tu-16, Tang Hua remembered one thing: the first flight of Tu-16 is now six months earlier, and the delivery time is estimated to be half a year to a year earlier.

1950年初，图波列夫设计局开始研制中型中程轰炸机。1951年11月，原型机“图-88”首飞成功。1952年5月，军方选择图-88作为装备部队的主要机型，并将其命名为图-16轰炸机。

It is indeed Tupolev who bought 1950 T3 computers in one go in 50.After the tedious work of fluid mechanics calculation and structural mechanics calculation is replaced by computer, the design process and prototype trial production process can be accelerated.

Because the first flight time of this project has been advanced, the Tu-1954, which was originally equipped with troops at the end of 16, may be equipped with troops in the first half of 1954 or even at the end of 1953.

Tu-16 is not a particularly top-secret military project, so a rough timetable can be analyzed from the public and semi-public reports of the Soviet Union.The development of Tu-16 has a small amount of time acceleration. Will other Soviet weapons development projects be accelerated?For example, new configurations of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs?

Chapter 19, Pointless Offensive and Defensive Warfare

After writing the telegram, Tang Hua went downstairs and saw that the orange cat at home in Shanghai went crazy again.

Zhou Xuan and Xiao Tang Hancheng were sitting on the sofa. Zhou Xuan turned on the laser pointer in his hand and first let the light spots shine on the floor.The orange cat, who had just eaten and had nothing to do, stood up and stared vigilantly at the slowly moving shiny thing on the ground.After watching for a few seconds, the orange cat approached the light spot quietly, stretching out its hand to the light spot on the ground with a movement that it thought was agile and concealed.

However, when the orange cat stretched out its paws, Zhou Xuan gently moved the light spot to one meter away.The orange cat was taken aback, and quickly turned its body 135 degrees to keep facing the enemy head-on.Now it feels that a sneak attack is meaningless and a strong attack is needed.After the hind legs were charged up, the orange cat jumped violently, and rushed towards the light spot with its teeth and claws.The obvious result is that when he rushed over, the light spot disappeared again.

When the light spot moved to the wall, the orange cat simply stood upright and danced the "paw stretching dance". The laser pointer oscillated from side to side, and the light spot kept shaking from side to side. The sinusoidal function of the sine function, I tried my best to catch this shiny unknown object with my claws. Now not only Zhou Xuan was overjoyed, but Tang Hua laughed out loud while watching.

"The cat recognizes this thing, so it scratches it as soon as it appears nearby. After playing with it more often, it may not be so excited." Tang Hua said.

"It's really interesting," Zhou Xuan said, "This laser pointer is like a small flashlight, but the light emitted is only one point, and it's still very bright. How does it work?"

"The principle is a bit complicated, and my wife doesn't need to know such details." Tang Hua carried Tang Hancheng off the sofa and let him walk on the floor for two steps. "Just be a pointer and occasionally tease the cat."

……

It is now June 1953.

Professor Charles Hard Towns of the University of California, Berkeley read the papers published by Tang Hua, Zhao Zhongyao, and Qian Sanqiang in Soviet magazines, and easily reproduced a phenomenon mentioned in the paper: the neon light bulb The emitted light shines on the rare earth crystal, and the crystal actually emits bright, strong light that always gathers together.The paper expounds the point of view in this way: when a substance is excited by the energy with the same natural oscillation frequency as its molecule, it will produce this kind of non-divergent strong light-laser.This is a practical application of Einstein's theory of stimulated radiation.

But the complete laser model, well, is not in the published paper.In addition to clearly telling everyone how to irradiate rare earth crystals with neon lamps, there are only a few vague terms.So, let's take a look at the rare earth crystals now.

It’s not that Charles Towns doesn’t have hands-on ability, it’s just that it takes a lot of money to build a laboratory, make a full set of experimental instruments, and try and make mistakes from different directions.Now he can only use the remaining time and funds to conduct research in this direction while teaching and working on his original projects.

In the UK and US, physicists are recreating laser experiments on rare-earth crystals to discuss why Einstein's theory is so predictably accurate.

In North Korea, Volunteer Special Forces members carefully wipe and maintain the laser irradiators in their hands.Although there has been no attack again for several months, in that night battle, the laser designator guided the first bomb to open the door and the second to drill the hole, which has become a myth circulated in a small area.

There is also a legend about laser range finders in North Korea. Although the maximum measurement distance is only 4 to 5 kilometers, the measurement error is plus or minus 5 meters. No optical range finder or radar range finder can be so accurate and stable.

In Beijing and Moscow, the research and development teams of the Soviet Union and Tsinghua University cooperated separately to produce laser holographic images with more information and more precision.

Not far to the east of the Ural Mountains, in a secret base, the Soviet Union built a 95-ton high-power laser hard-kill test platform.This weight does not include its power supply system and cables.

In Changchun, Wang Dayan used imported optical lens sets to successfully expand a beam of strong industrial laser from the thickness of a finger to the mouth of a bowl for the first time, and kept it straight.The only problem is that after the laser diffuses in an orderly manner, the light intensity of the beam with a large bowl mouth is not very uniform.Wang Dayan is working hard to improve the lens group and laser device.