Back to the Republic of China to be a editor

However, there is still a tail, and a very popular saying is attached to the text reform plan: "The ultimate development direction of Chinese characters is pinyin, and the simplification of Chinese characters is the first step on the road to pinyin."

The third wave of phoneticization of Chinese characters was in the early 80s, and the reason was computers.

This third time, the superficial reason is because of Chinese cards, and the essential reason is because of Moore's Law. The problem of Chinese characters entering the computer system was quickly solved.

However, in this time and space, the computers sold on the market have a storage capacity of 50K, and I have encountered a group of vigorous uncles and New Culture Movement athletes. This test is not easy.

Tang Hua shook his head like a rattle, resolutely opposed the use of pinyin, and guaranteed that the storage capacity of the computer would be 100 times that of the current two years.

In the end, the first meeting still voted for a resolution. It is enough to simplify Chinese characters to reduce the difficulty of learning, and there is no need for pinyin.

……

Pulling Chinese characters back from the brink of danger, Tang Hua still has a lot of things about characters.

The simplification of Chinese characters and the selection of 1936 or [-] commonly used Chinese characters seem to be in the order of one after another, but in order to speed up and catch up with the new computer system two years later, these two things were carried out simultaneously.While simplifying the Chinese characters according to the ancient Chinese characters, common characters, cursive writing and the simplification table of Chinese characters in the Republic of China in [-], at the same time select the most commonly used Chinese characters, put them away first, and replace them after the simplified Chinese characters are completed.Of course, if some glyphs are combined when simplifying Chinese characters, the list of commonly used Chinese characters will still change and a few characters will be missing.

A batch of simplified Chinese characters will be produced, and a batch will be handed over to Tang Hua, who will use these simplified glyphs to make a set of dot matrix fonts.After the Huawei team completed the English-Russian character set and the English-Russian font set, a group of people wanted to go north to establish the Huawei Beijing Research Institute, which will open early next year. The first project is to make a Chinese character dot matrix font set.

However, some people said that Tang Hua's statement of six or seven thousand commonly used Chinese characters is too much.

Ye Shengtao: "I have just understood the principle of computer storage of Chinese characters... Is six or seven thousand commonly used Chinese characters too many? I have been engaged in basic education for many years, and I found that as long as people master 1500 Chinese characters, people can handle most of them. Part of the daily writing work. If you really have difficulties, you can first make a basic Chinese character collection of 1500 Chinese characters."

Tang Hua: "Old Ye, don't be like this... Well, let's put it this way, people who use computers, at present and in the next few years, may be people with higher education or technical secondary education. It will be as simple as elementary school graduates. The purpose of the collection of six to seven thousand Chinese characters is to ensure that the six to seven thousand Chinese characters that can be displayed in the computer are still enough when the science and engineering students complete their undergraduate and master studies. use."

Ye Shengtao: "Academician Tang, according to this, computers can only be used by highly educated people?"

Tang Hua: "This may be the case in recent years, but computers will become cheaper and more numerous in the future. About 20 years later, computers will become a very common daily tool. At that time, the use of computers will also be It is simpler and not necessarily only for people with higher education, but ordinary people can also use it.”

Ji Xianlin: "Just now you mentioned undergraduates and masters in science and engineering, so don't college students in liberal arts have nothing to do with computers?"

Tang Hua: "... Well, the answer is the same as the previous sentence, only in recent years. Moreover, the Association for the Reform of Language and Culture has also issued a proposal before, and the use of complicated and esoteric words is not advocated in the legal and accounting professions. In addition, government documents and announcements are also the same. The same, so not all liberal arts majors cannot use computers to process text information. Moreover, Professor Ji, I guarantee that within five years, computers will be able to hold a full Chinese character library of more than 3 characters.”

Ji Xianlin got a basically satisfactory answer, but he still said half-jokingly: "I, a professor in the Department of Oriental Languages, seem to be temporarily ignored by you."

Tang Hua also said with a smile: "And I will definitely not set up a production team for Sanskrit, Pali, and Tocharian. If you want to develop fonts for these languages, let those countries do it themselves."

Ji Xianlin: "Speaking of which, in countries like India, Turkey and Iran, there is probably no one in the whole country who knows what a computer is, and how to do it? Not only will the ancient scripts such as Sanskrit and Pali not be able to be passed down, but the Indian language currently in use Local languages ​​are also excluded by computers."

Tang Hua: "Then they will be abandoned by the first train of the information age. It's a pity, and it's a bit cruel, but this is... a historical necessity."

……

Ji Xianlin's words remind Tang Hua to control the progress of computer hardware development and Chinese character system development. It is best to unify the development time of these two ends, and don't hold each other back.

The T52 computer that will be released soon has a CRT display. The T53 is scheduled to be launched in February 1953. It is too late to install the Chinese character system, so it should be the T2 in February 54.

At that time, a T54 computer with a 480X320 resolution CRT monitor can choose a 16-dot matrix or 24-dot matrix Chinese character system, which will not reach the publishing level, but can meet the needs of printing official documents.Dot matrix fonts are a perfect match for dot matrix printers.Speaking of which, the T54 computer is still hesitating whether to use integrated circuits or high-frequency transistors. Maybe two versions will be developed by then, one for hiding and one for takeaway.

T53 does not have a Chinese character system, so add a graphics system? 1M hard drive?These two new functions and new hardware seem to be very attractive. Let's see which technology is more mature and the production cost is more satisfactory.

As for the T5 computer after 56 years, the 32000-word font library may be used as an optional software for the typesetting computer/literary monk/literary beast computer, but this is not the key.

The most critical thing is to come up with laser phototypesetting and laser printing systems before February 1956.Otherwise, what is the use of using a large font library + vector font set.

Although the work of several standard vector fonts and special fonts will start after the Chinese character simplification plan and the list of commonly used Chinese characters are released, the committee members and specially invited consultants are very interested in this work.Although it is hard work to draw thousands of Chinese characters on the 16-dot matrix and 24-dot matrix, after drawing, several famous calligraphers will judge whether the character is well written and whether it needs to be adjusted. But calligraphers have consciously begun to write regular script and their own characteristic fonts.

These tasks can be done in parallel at any time. For example, Shen Yinmo and Qi Gong have consciously picked up a brush to write Chinese characters on each piece of square paper.Of course, before the development of vector fonts, these written (per person) thousands of square papers are temporarily placed in the filing cabinet.Tang Hua knew that some things had to be done in advance, and it would be too late...for example, Mr. Qi Baishi (1864-1957).

……

"Mr. Wu, the first version of the list of commonly used Chinese characters is coming out so soon?"

Tang Hua was surprised when he held a thick stack of paper.

"This is just the first draft after a few of us met and discussed," Wu Yuzhang said. "Of course the draft is not the final draft. After the draft comes out, we need to find more people to discuss it in as large a scope as possible, and hold more seminars." Several times, additions, revisions, revisions, and deletions, the final version may change dozens of words or hundreds of words."

Tang Hua flipped through them casually. Of course, they were all traditional characters, but they also marked which variant characters represented and the basic reason for choosing this character.

Wu Yuzhang: "According to the decision made at the last meeting of the committee, more commonly used Chinese characters should be included in the collection of science and engineering nouns, and words that will be used in scientific research, engineering, and production should be included as much as possible. For example, all the words on the periodic table of elements Son, not a single one is leaked, it’s all inside.”

Tang Hua nodded, "Science and engineering terms should be included as much as possible." While talking, he turned to the golden part of the list of commonly used Chinese characters.Sure enough, the metals in the periodic table of elements have not been pulled down.

"Californium, I think it can be called californium." Tang Hua found one, "Mr. Wu, last year Seaborg and Thompson bombarded curium with helium ions in the laboratory to obtain californium, element 98."

"Okay, then add one."

Tang Hua continued to look down.

"Huh? Gold+Rong? This is not the name of an element." Tang Hua discovered a word that was once very familiar to him.

Wu Yuzhang: "Oh, hehe, Rong, the model of the metal caster, it appeared in "Historical Records Pingzhunshu", a Chinese character that is not commonly used, but..."

"But it's like this," Ye Shengtao said, "the team leader of the Beijing Institute of Computer Science who is in charge of handover work with the Chinese Characters Committee happened to have this word in his name, and once he secretly asked if the word Rong could be added to the list of commonly used Chinese characters. The young man said that although the word rong is not commonly used in ancient and modern articles, it is sometimes encountered as a person's name. We heard that it made some sense, so we added the word rong. "

Tang Hua's hand trembled suddenly, and he put down the draft tremblingly.

The Beijing Institute of Computer Science and the Institute of Communication Electronics recruited a large number of students from the Department of Electrical Engineering of Tsinghua University this year.

Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, graduated in 1951...

"Add, this word must be added."

Chapter 192, I can only wait for the South Korean Army to complete the training

During the work of the Cultural Reform Commission, the remote control of the T52 computer prototype made in Shanghai and Suzhou, and the preparation of air-to-ground electronic warfare, October and November have just passed.

After two months of internal review by the Text Reform and Informatization Committee, the first draft was prepared to hold various seminars to review the reform plan.Tang Hua only provides technical support and does not speak most of the time.However, seeing that Grandpa Qi Baishi was also enthusiastically making dot-matrix fonts and writing his own "Qi Tizi" manuscript, Tang Hua couldn't help but take the time to ask Qi Lao for a drawing.

"What is this?" Qi Baishi asked.

"Mr. Qi, these are some ... comics that the juniors like. I just want to see what these comics look like in the form of Chinese ink painting." Tang Hua said respectfully.

Qi Baishi looked at it, and although the composition was a bit strange, the background was not messy, and the details of the characters were relatively simple, so it was not difficult to draw.

Spreading out the rice paper, rubbing the ink and swiping a brush, Qi Lao will meditate for more than ten minutes when conceiving a painting, and once he writes, Qi Lao will not stop, and draw it in one breath at a very fast speed.Signed "Baishi old man presents Tang Hua with respect", stamped and finished.

"Thank you, thank you Mr. Qi..."

Carefully holding a few scrolls of traditional Chinese paintings, Tang Hua said goodbye while chuckling.

Qi Baishi's authentic Captain America, Batman, Superman... hide it first and don't let anyone know it, release it after decades, and see if everyone will go crazy by then.

……

The work of electronic warfare in the Korean battlefield is now fully entrusted to Li Qiang. Tang Hua communicated with Li Qiang from Beijing using the computer communication line of the 50 Center-Zhi Division.But the problem is that Li Qiang is often not in Zhisi, and only one day a week is in Zhisi. This is only arranged at the request of Tang Hua.Other times, the computer communication line becomes real e-mail, or a message board.

李强：“至11月10日，美军的干扰飞机仍在使用8频段干扰器，但美军基地军械部似在自行调节干扰器的干扰频段。11月3日进行了一次绕山侵入尝试，11月8日进行了一次高空降高尝试。11月8日美军的尝试使我军击落一架F-84。”