Harry Potter’s Morning Light

   Chapter 2085 Trembling Movement (3)

  Modern music is divided into seven tones, but the traditional elegant music has only five tones, namely Gongshangjiao Huiyu, but the music imported from the Western Regions already has seven tones.

  The seven tones of Western music are different from the scales of "Western", hence the name Qiuci music, which is a music and dance that only "Western" has.

   According to legend, Marco Polo was born in a family of Venetian merchants. At the age of 17, he left his hometown with his father and uncle, and went to the "East" along the land silk road. They first entered the Persian border, crossed the desert to the Khorasan area, and entered the Hexi Corridor along the road from Xuanzang back to the Tang Empire. However, they did not follow the Hexi Corridor to the Central Plains, but went north through the desert to Mongolia. , came to Yuanshangdu, the capital of the Great Mongol Empire, to meet the great Khan Kublai Khan.

Maybe Marco Polo heard Qiuci music on the way, and also watched the dance of worshipping Buddha in the Western Regions. After that, Marco Polo visited many provinces and cities, including Hangzhou, which he described as the most prosperous in the world. City.

At that time, it was the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Mongols were busy incorporating the southern region into the empire. However, in Marco Polo's Travels, the three ethnic countries in the East were divided into Tatars, that is, the Mongols' country, Khitan, which was originally a place of gold. The area ruled by the dynasty was later conquered by the Mongolians, and the "barbarian country", which was the Mongolian name for the Southern Song Dynasty.

   This has formed a long-standing and undecided confusion in the West. Do Mongolians also call others barbarians? However, according to Marc Polo, there are many Christians in the Khitan area, but there are few Christians in the "barbarian country", so Westerners have a natural curiosity and sympathy for Khitan.

   Later, when Matteo Ricci arrived in BJ, he already knew that there was no longer a Khitan country in the north of Daming, and Hangzhou was no longer the capital. In the conservative Ming Dynasty, the Catholic missionaries represented by Matteo Ricci were almost the only group of foreigners who were allowed to stay in the Ming Dynasty. This privilege lasted until Ricci's death. Missionaries often call themselves Italians, sent by the Pope, but most of their actual nationalities are Portuguese.

The Portuguese also sent envoys. According to European customs, firing a gun salute is a courtesy, but in the East it means a declaration of war. After they finally explained it clearly, they did not understand why the officials did not allow their ships to enter the Pearl River. Allow them to do business in Guangzhou.

   All have red hair and green eyes, who can tell which country they are from? So these Portuguese missionaries pretended to be Italians and stayed.

  The famous missionary Tang Ruowang during the Kangxi period was actually a German. He was dispatched by the Portuguese Jesuits and arrived in China during the Apocalypse period in the last years of the Ming Dynasty. He has experienced Emperor Chongzhen, Nurhaci, Dorgon, and Emperor Shunzhi. In addition to knowing the astronomical calendar, Tang Ruowang can also build cannons. It is said that Nurhaci was seriously injured by the cannon he built.

After the dynasties were changed, Dorgon valued Tang Ruowang's talent for making cannons. Even though Tang Ruowang once made cannons for the Ming army to deal with the Qing army, many Manchu relatives and nobles obstructed him. officials.

   In fact, Tang Ruowang calculated a new calendar during the Chongzhen period, which could calculate solar and lunar eclipses more accurately, but it was blocked during the promotion.

  There is an irreconcilable contradiction between the church and the imperial power. When the authority of the emperor is lower than that of the pope, the dark Middle Ages in the West have made a perfect interpretation, while in the East, the authority can only be the emperor.

   In addition, there are also contradictions in the teachings of Christianity itself. If God is the only true God, then is **** also God? If it is forced to say yes, isn't that contradicting itself that God is the only true God?

  This involves the interpretation of the "Trinity", which is logical, and Westerners will believe that the Eastern set does not work.

   Nestorianism had already spread in the East before Matteo Ricci, and many things had been deleted, including the bitter image of **** on the cross, but no matter how they adapted, it was still difficult to spread.

   When he came to Matteo Ricci, he preached completely in Chinese, and also used his knowledge of natural science to win the favor of the upper class. This set of behavior standards is called "Ricci's Rules".

  Eastern people were not interested in God, but were interested in Western geography, astronomy, and collection. At that time, China did not have prisms and glass. Tang Ruowang took a prism to refract light in seven colors.

   In addition to these, another science and technology that interested the emperor was the calendar. Before the death of Matteo Ricci, the original calendar official failed to calculate the solar eclipse, and some people had already suggested that the Qin Tianjian be handed over to the missionaries. Not only that, the missionaries also had a group of staunch protectors.

Rome was changed to Rome, and the privilege of free preaching was also cancelled. Even though the "Chongzhen Calendar" formulated by Tang Ruowang, Luo Yagu and others had been formulated, it was not used when the Ming Dynasty collapsed, but it was renamed by Dorgon. passed.

During the Qing army's occupation of BJ, Emperor Yongli's empress dowager Wang Shi suddenly remembered something. She had converted to Catholicism at that time. Under her leadership, Emperor Yongli's biological mother and concubine also joined the church. If not because of Yongli There are too many imperial wives and concubines that do not meet the requirements for teaching, and he may also be admitted.

When the Ming Dynasty was in turmoil, the Queen Mother wrote two letters, one to Pope Innocent X of Rome, and the other to the president of the Jesuit Society, but instead of asking the Pope to send troops, she hoped that they Pray for Daming and bless the stability of the country.

   If praying to God and worshipping Buddha is useful, what doctor do you need? Everyone kneels before God and prays that they will heal themselves without medicine. What medicine should they drink and what surgery should they perform?

   It is precisely because it does not work that the Black Death will kill so many people. But even if the Queen Mother wrote a letter asking the Pope to send troops, it would be in vain. This is not a "crusade". It is difficult for the Pope to recruit so many soldiers in a short period of time, as well as food and military expenses. It seems that the Pope had nothing but prayers at that time. can be done.

   The battle for the fall of such a huge empire can be described as disintegrating. A few missionaries were involved, but most of them survived and began to serve the new rulers.

  Compared with the late Ming Dynasty, the emperor in the early Qing Dynasty gave the missionaries more freedom, so the change of Ming and Qing Dynasties became the only feudal dynasty change recorded in the West.

   Different from other feudal dynasties, the Ming Dynasty had two ruling groups, one in the north and the other in Nanjing.

However, when the regime in the north collapsed and "Nan Ming" was established again, at that time a missionary named Wei Kuanguo lived in Wenzhou under the permission of Emperor Longwu of Nanming. When the place was occupied by the Qing army, he posted a message on the door. A piece of red paper, written in Chinese characters: This house is inhabited by Europa people.

He put exquisite books, optical instruments, and mathematical instruments in conspicuous places, and put the image of the savior on the altar. This trick works very well. Neither the commoners nor the generals of the Qing army will harass the missionary. When it was peaceful, the Qing army general asked him if he would like to shave his head.

Wei Kuangguo immediately expressed his willingness, so the general shaved his head in person. It would be weird to wear the clothes of the Ming Dynasty with the hairstyle of the Qing Dynasty. The general gave him a suit of clothes, which he also wore. After him, the general also sent him to the more secure big city Hangzhou.

   Another missionary from Guangzhou, Zeng Dezhao, was **** when the soldiers broke through the city and forced him to hand over his property. A few days later, a high-ranking official came. He not only released Zeng Dezhao, but also gave him the Bible and prayer book, donated a lot of money, and returned the church to him.

   This man's name was Shang Kexi, and he was a subordinate of Sun Yuanhua. Later, he was named King of Pingnan, and he was on an equal footing with Wu Sangui, King of Pingxi. He was originally a general of the Ming Dynasty, while Sun Yuanhua was a Christian, and he was very interested in Western technology and artillery military tactics.

   Even in Sichuan, which was ruled by Zhang Xianzhong, there were missionaries who served as astronomers in Daxi.

During the "Prosperous Age of Kang and Gansu", the missionaries' good days came again. During that time, Qin Tianjian was divided into two parts, one part was astronomical calendar, which was mastered by foreign missionaries such as Tang Ruowang, and the other part was "numerology" , Calculating the fortune of the country, this part is the responsibility of the Chinese, for them, the golden age of Marco Polo has come.

   There was a Frenchman who did not aspire to be a missionary since he was a child, but he had to go to a church school to study at that time. He studied painting in Lyon in his early years, and then went to study in Rome. In the third year of Qianlong, he became a worshiper in the court, and he took a Chinese name called Wang Zhicheng.

   He was very good at painting, and he painted portraits for many princes and ministers. Later, he also participated in the construction of the Western Building in Yuanmingyuan, where the envoys from the United Kingdom were arranged to live.

  The terrain is low-lying, and it is indeed easy for some worms to grow, but the conditions are not so bad that you need to protest.

  Macartney had always asked to live in the inner city of the capital, and the emperor allowed them to be placed in the mansion of the former governor of Guangzhou, who had been arrested.

After staying in the city for a few days, the    envoys went to see the emperor in Rehe, but disagreed on whether to kneel or not.

  Many Europeans were living in the Qing court. Macartney’s request was that Britain, like Russia, should set up a business office in BJ and send a resident envoy to solve trade problems.

  The Russians and the Manchus signed the Treaty of Nerchinsk, not to mention that Russia and the Manchus are inextricably linked, and other European countries do not have business offices in BJ, so why should it be the UK alone?

  Since the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia, the treaty system has become the main international exchange system between European countries, and at the same time, the colonial system is used to dominate the weaker countries. This system is completely different from the tributary system.

Tsarist Russia asked the Emperor Shunzhi to declare himself a subject and become a colony of Russia. Of course, Emperor Shunzhi refused, and in turn asked the Tsar to pay tribute to him. After a long period of armed conflict and diplomatic struggles, both sides recognized the strength of the other, and finally followed the European rules. Treaty under public international law.

  The British called the Manchus the Tatars, the French knew they were the Jurchens, and even in the Southern Song Dynasty, because the suzerain state could not coordinate the contradictions between the Liao Kingdom, the Jurchens and Goguryeo, Goguryeo once stopped paying tribute.

There is a French missionary named Qian Deming. He can not only speak Chinese, but also Mongolian and Manchu. He has written books such as Confucius' biography. Georgiana has a copy of Sun Tzu's Art of War on the bookshelf of St. Luke's Palace. In addition to Sun Tzu, the translators included Wu Tzu, Wei Liao Tzu, Sima Fa and so on.

   He also wrote "An Examination of Chinese Ancient and Modern Music", which not only introduced musical instruments, but also discussed the theory of temperament and modes.

  Many people think that Yale sounds like noise and does not combine different notes to produce variations and harmony, but Qian Deming believes that the Chinese are the first to understand the concept of harmony.

   When singing the Hogwarts school song, everyone can choose their favorite key, which can be used for wedding marches or funeral marches.

  Albus felt happy, and Georgiana didn't care. Didn't he see the old bat applauding?

   Napoleon could not find a tune when he sang.

   She was too lazy to say anything to that French official, when will the banquet end? She wants to go back to sleep.

   (end of this chapter)