Harry Potter’s Morning Light

  Chapter 1441 "Gentleman's Magazine"

In 1786, the signing of the Anglo-French treaty lowered the tariffs on British imports of French goods, which caused the British goods to flood the French market and hit the French industry that was not as competitive as the British. It caused a large number of workers to lose their jobs. This led to strong dissatisfaction among workers and factory owners. Historians believe that this treaty exacerbated the social contradictions on the eve of the revolution.

Napoleon’s new tariff policy is contrary to the 1786 treaty. The tariffs on British goods flowing into France are very high. This may make businessmen in Rouen and other places very happy. They can get a lot of cotton without worrying about being blocked by the Royal Navy. Go to new sea activities.

  British businessmen may feel unhappy about this. Georgiana intends to give Sir Merrie a statement that when French taxes are high, they will have more money for public works to buy British steel.

  Although France is rich in iron ore, there are fewer than 40 iron smelters, and the scale of industrialization is far less than that of the United Kingdom.

  Before the peace between Britain and France, British iron products were mainly sold to the United States. Napoleon himself tended to do a lot of work and joint projects. Originally, he was financially stretched. After selling the famous paintings of the Louvre and turning the dung hills outside the city into a fertilizer factory, he had a lot more money, but he still lacked money. .

  He not only raised tariffs, but the new constitution also stipulates that he must pay a lot of taxes, so that the top 600 celebrities can become parliamentarians.

This is what the three-level parliament of the old age most wanted to discuss. The common people and the bourgeoisie paid so much tax, but the nobles enjoyed various tax exemptions. However, the third-level parliament did not discuss any results at all. Later, the third level simply reduced the privileges. The class was thrown away, and he set up a National Assembly to discuss it. Siers took off his priestly robe at this time, and changed from the second level to the third level.

Napoleon asked the Senate to listen to him, not just relying on Georgiana to fight for life. He handed over part of the legislative power to the senators, and the number of people in the Senate was reduced by half, leaving only 50 people, even though Siers remained the same. It is the Speaker of the Senate, and he has also been emptied.

She valued Siers’ three-level courts very much. Before the Revolution, the countryside still retained the democratic characteristics of the Middle Ages. Often city officials or when discussing a certain public matter would ring the church bell and summon the peasants on the porch. Before the assembly, the poor and the rich have vouchers to attend. At the meeting, there was neither real consultation nor voting, but everyone was able to express their own opinions. For this reason, a notary public was invited to make a certificate in the open, collect different speeches, and record them in the minutes of the meeting.

The officials who came to the diocese are roughly divided into two categories, one is tax collectors, and the other is directors. Tax collectors are responsible for collecting taxes. The directors represent the governor to maintain public order and other things, such as organizing self-defense forces and the state. Engineering, and some common law enforcement.

  Even the Paris High Court did not separate administration and justice. Judges control prices like market managers. During this special period, the Special Criminal Court can deal with crimes that cannot be appealed, such as burglary, murder, arson, counterfeiting currency, inciting gatherings, and illegally carrying weapons. For other disputes such as property and taxation, it is best to send prosecutors and judges to counties and towns. , Commune to deal with. "Good people" and "thugs" should be treated differently, and the current Justice Rennie can't do this.

  But Siers first told Georgian that the church bells are now gone. They were used to make money during the Revolution, and the church did not have the right to ring bells freely.

Secondly, during the Lyon riots, Robespierre once sent Couton to suppress him, but Couton was a bit softer. From November onwards, the revolutionary commissioners in charge of the Revolutionary Court became Corot and Fouché. These two were against the prisoners. The executions have multiplied. More than 1,600 people were executed in 4 months. Napoleon saw the **** scene when he was an artillery captain. On average, at least 10 people were executed every day.

After the Republican Army entered Lyon, Ballas ordered the execution of hundreds of insurgents. During the War of Vendée, a large number of military commissioners executed a large number of "bandits". In Angers alone, more than 2,000 people were saved and killed. Siers was very scared. This time the cleanup of "bandits" has become the same as during the reign of terror.

  Georgiana did not persuade the former governor. Robespierre was once called a "model of virtue", but what was left in his epitaph?

Talleyrand is called the lame devil, Lafayette is called the ranger knight, Mirabeau is called the lunatic genius, and the wife of Judge Roland, Mrs. Roland, is called Queen Roland, and this queen treats her The husband's record is not much. Perhaps she also knows that her husband's support for free trade in food has not really solved the problem of famine.

  Farmers and landlords are not in a hurry to harvest the harvested wheat ears in the fields, because the coupons depreciate too quickly, so who would use grain to replace waste paper.

Giorgioanna and Siers talked about the people who were kicked out of the sanctuary this time, Pierre Cabanes, Antoine Desti de Tracy, and Dominique, a professor of history and editor. Gala, constitutional bishop Henri Gregoire, writer Pierre-Louis Gangne, lawyer and politician Jean-Denis Langrenais, she hopes Siers can invite them to her home as a guest .

  Sies asked her why, and Georgiana told him with a smile, because these people all respect the late Marquis of Condorcet, she happened to sponsor a student, and he was using the theory of the Marquis of Condorcet to do optical experiments.

  Sies didn't believe her very much, but he still agreed to her request, and then left her villa and returned to St. Luke's Palace.

After Siers left, Georgiana took a book from the bookcase in the next room. It was the French version of "The Wealth of Nations". The translator was the Marquis of Condorcet. There were many notes on it. This book The book is exactly the same as Napoleon's "The Wealth of Nations".

Condorcet, like Adam Smith and Turgo, believed that free trade in grain could alleviate the famine. Turgo promoted Condorcet’s policies everywhere, and he even gave Pierre Dupont de Nemours a message. Wrote a letter.

  At the beginning of the crisis, Turgo’s first policy was to provide job opportunities and salaries for the poor.

  He proposed to set up a “charity office and working group” to request central financing to support supplementary local resources. He believes that "real poverty" should not only be rescued, but also "respected." He worried that gathering the poor to distribute soup or bread would make some poor people "humiliated" because such behavior is similar to recognized begging.

  The goal of the Charity Institute is to “make money circulate among the people” through effective “public works”, such as paving roads and improving public places.

At that time, the head of the Ministry of Interior provided 20,000 livres for public works and 80,000 livres for the purchase of food for those who could not work. Dougel suggested that this ratio be reversed, and ultimately spent on road construction, city wall defense, and teaching spinning technology. 85,000 livres were spent on food and 36,000 livres were spent on food.

The second policy is to increase supply. When the crisis worsens, lend to merchants to support imports in the province. Merchants had no experience in long-distance trade at the time, and transportation costs were extremely high in times of prosperity and peace. One-tenth of the additional resources of the country is used as bonus, compensation and interest for grain imports. However, once the grain enters the province, most of it flows back into the usual trade channels, and it is eventually hoarded by speculators and does not flow into consumers. In the hands, the establishment of normal trade is prevented.

The third policy is to reduce taxes for the poor, impose an emergency tax on the rich, and pardon the state tax for the poorest small business owners who have sold furniture, animals, and clothing to survive. However, the charity working group will receive from the wealthy owners. Support of mandatory donations.

The fourth policy is that in the early stages of the crisis, the landlord fired the tenant farmers or tenants. When the price of grain rose to 150% of its 10-year average price, the rent must be paid in currency, that is, coins. The law should assist the tenants when there is a shortage. This is humane and fair.

"What are you looking at?"

  Georgiana patted her chest and looked back at the person who was speaking.

"I'm looking at the intelligence collected by Mrs. Slee." She handed the stack of papers in "The Wealth of Nations" to Napoleon. "The policy of Louis XVI's Minister of Finance Durge will remove Limousin from the famine of 1770. Li was rescued, and the harvest that year was the worst in the 18th century."

  "Do you also approve of free grain trade?" Napoleon looked at the information.

"Unless I'm crazy, I just think this information is very useful. You donated 22,000 francs to the asylum in Lyon. You should use 176,000 francs for public works and 44,000 francs for food for those who cannot work. , Who are you responsible for this matter?"

   "I'm not free." He put down the book and held her waist. "Didn't you say that I can only come in this house? Who is the man who walked just now?"

  "Sies, don't you even know him?"

   "What did he tell you?"

   "I hope he builds the third-level court in the constitution he gave you, but he seems to be very scared."

  "This is the person who supervises the government." Napoleon gave a charming and elegant smile again. "What else can you tell me?"

   "I asked him to invite some friends who were kicked out of the Baominyuan by you." She said boldly.

"What do you want to do?"

   "Revoke the case to the Marquis of Condorcet." She quickly showed Napoleon what she had seen before, what the Marquis of Condorcet had written.

"If religion is only reserved for people, it will not be handed down. Therefore, society will be abandoned in a world without a foundation of moral system and without certainty. Just like the late period of Gu Luo, the spiritual world of mankind will be seized. Regardless of its beliefs and even opinions, at the mercy of opportunities, the human spirit will be immersed in an ocean of uncertainty."

  "Do you want those who oppose the state-religious agreement to support it instead?" Napolioni smiled frivolously.

   "Every citizen can have a place in the government." Georgiana whispered, "Even those in the opposition should have the opportunity to discuss."

   "I want them to be quiet." Bonaparte said arrogantly, "especially the priests."

   "Should I be quiet?"

"I like you to twitter, come here." He held her shoulders falsely, sat on the sofa by himself, and then let Georgiana sit on his lap. "Starting next month, all heads of Shiji will visit Sharpta every month. You received 12,000 francs, you see if he will accept your approach."

  "I want to collect taxes on horse-drawn carriages. Turgo’s policy proposes to reduce taxes for the poor and increase taxes for the rich. They are definitely not happy to impose a direct compulsory collection, and the carriage industry can be restored."

  "I have raised customs duties. Will your British friends be upset?"

   "I can tell them that you can buy steel by raising tariffs, but you can't keep them at a loss. This peace is hard-won."

  "The DuPont family opened a gunpowder factory in the United States to provide gunpowder to the Americans." Napoleon calmly said, "The quality of American gunpowder is very poor, so the saltpeter was sent to France for processing and then bought back."

  Georgiana didn’t know what to say.

"You can tell the British this news. Before the Amiens peace treaty was signed, I asked them when they would return the Sultan of Tipu to the Indians. Ceylon had already given it to the British. If the Duke of Orange wants compensation The gold is also given by the United Kingdom. I don’t need Ceylon, provided that they spit out the land in Mysore."

  Georgiana lost the ability to think.

   "I know that the prisoners of war had a miserable life, but let me trade you for the 70,000 sailors, but I refused. Do you know why?"

  She did not answer.

  "You are a good omen. I used to be a Corsican speculator. Now I am an angel of peace, a hero of majesty, and a revival of public order. Now I want a navy. What do you say?"

   "You can't want everything." She trembled and said, "You will become a tyrant like this."

   "You have no sympathy for those captives?"

  "The British want money..."

   "What they want is South America." Bonaparte interrupted her. "Your King George III wants to control the colonies and commerce of the world. Who do you think is more greedy?"

   "He's not that crazy."

  "Your British law states that children who steal more than £1 will be sent to Australia, and adults will be hanged. Do you know why?"

  She was afraid to speak.

  "Children don’t know how to run when they arrive in the colony. Adults will run back. Will you run next time?"

  She wants to use the power of the ring.

   "How do you know what George III said?"

   "Because he is crazy." Napoleon laughed and said, "Next time you run, I will put you in a lunatic asylum. I see how you will remain rational when you come."

  She wrote to him that rational love is long-lasting love, I love you, my lion.

   But this seems to be counterproductive.

  The old fool is right. The monarchs of 1802 were really abnormal.

  (End of this chapter)