Reading as a god

Chapter 197 Carnegie Mellon University

"The host has read a total of 43 words and earned a total of 43 yuan of soft girl coins~"

Zhang Shan:? ? ?
According to this prompt, after a simple calculation, Zhang Shan actually managed to read nearly 15 words per hour.

Although at present, the system level is 12, Zhang Shan's reading efficiency is 1 times that of level 12 (the level of ordinary readers)~
But reading efficiency is not equal to reading speed!

In the past, for this kind of professional-related books, reading [-] to [-] words in an hour was almost his limit~
But when reading the book "C Expert Programming", Zhang Shan's speed is much faster than normal~
What caused this change~
Undoubtedly because of the fun of the book~
From this point of view, I still need to read more interesting books in the future, but as a student, the books I often read can only be involuntary.

In order to gain a deeper understanding of Ji Ji, Zhang Shan continued to write liver books.

The first is "In-depth Understanding of Computer Systems". This book has been planted by a group of seniors and sisters for a long time.

To be precise, Zhang Shan read Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective
(The Chinese translation of this book "In-depth Understanding of Computer Systems" was only published by Machinery Industry Press in 2016)

The author of this book is Randal E. Bryant.

In 1981, he received a Ph.D. in computer science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is currently the dean of the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University in the United States. He is a double fellow of ACM and IEEE, and has won awards from these two associations many times.

Professor Bryant has been teaching computer systems for more than 20 years. Combining his years of teaching experience in computer architecture courses, he began to shift his focus from how to design computers to how to enable programmers to better understand the system. More efficient, more reliable procedures are coming.

MIT has always been well-known, while Carnegie Mellon University is much more low-key.

Carnegie Mellon University (abbreviated as CMU) is a private research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.

Carnegie Mellon University has nationally renowned cognitive psychology, management and public relations, writing and rhetoric, applied history, philosophy and biological sciences.Its computer, robotics, science, art and industrial management are all recognized as first-class majors in the world.

In particular, computer science ranks first in the United States with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University and the University of California, Berkeley.

Zhang Shan felt that after completing his undergraduate studies, he was destined to go abroad for development~
His choice is nothing more than between these schools.

Carnegie Mellon University's software engineering major is far ahead of other prestigious schools.Carnegie Mellon University has a very high reputation in the international software industry. At present, the most common standard in the international software industry --- Capability Maturity Model for Software Software Production Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is precisely developed by the school's software engineering research Institute developed and formulated.In recent years, Carnegie Mellon University has launched the latest CMMI system on the basis of the original CMM system, which has become the latest standard in the software industry.

The history of Carnegie Mellon University began in 1900 with the Carnegie Technical School founded by American steel tycoon Andrew Carnegie. In 1912, the school developed into the Carnegie Institute of Technology and began awarding four-year diplomas. In 1967, Carnegie Institute of Technology and Mellon Institute of Industrial Research merged to form Carnegie Mellon University.The main campus of the university covers an area of ​​0.57 square kilometers and is about 5 kilometers away from the center of Pittsburgh.Near the campus are the Carnegie Museum of Pittsburgh, the main building of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, Carnegie Hall, Shenley Park, Phipps Conservatory and Arboretum, the Pittsburgh Golf Club and the main campus of the University of Pittsburgh.

Carnegie Mellon University has seven colleges: Carnegie Institute of Technology, School of Art, Dietrich School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Mellon School of Science, Tepper School of Business, Heinz School of Information Systems and Public Policy, and the School of Computer Science.

The school has campuses in Silicon Valley and Qatar, and offers degree programs on six continents around the world.

In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings in a certain year, Carnegie Mellon University ranked 20th in the world. In the subject rankings of the same institution, the school's computer science ranked sixth in the world, and engineering and technology ranked No. 12. , ranked No.15 in business and economics.In the list released by USNews, the school ranks 25th in the United States, and computer science ranks first in the United States.The school has the world's top robotics and drama programs, as well as one of the earliest computer schools in the world.

Carnegie Mellon University has 114 students from 13 countries around the world, more than 650 faculty members and more than 5 alumni.As of March 000, a total of 100 faculty members and alumni of the school have won the Nobel Prize, 000 have won the Turing Award, 2019 have been elected as members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 3 have entered the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and 20 have been elected to the National Academy of Sciences. Academy, 13 Oscars, 22 Tonys, 19 Emmys.

This string of dazzling data only needs to look at 13 Turing Awards to know how terrifying it is~
Yao behind the Yao class at Shuimu University has a huge appeal because of the winner of the Turing Award~
Two teaching buildings of the Faculty of Engineering: Hamerschlag Hall and Roberts Hall

Perhaps the former Carnegie Mellon University was unknown, but in the 1970s and 1980s, during the tenure of President Richard Cyert (1972-1990), the university developed rapidly.

1970年代初，卡内基梅隆大学研究经费为每年1千2百万美元；到了1980年代末，它已超过1.1亿美元。

Because of continuous investment, Carnegie Mellon researchers have made great achievements in new fields such as robotics and software engineering, earning the university a reputation for technological innovation.

The "Project Andrew" in the mid-1980s connected all computers and workstations on campus, making Carnegie Mellon University one of the leaders in education and research technology.

On April 1984, 4, the university's cmu.edu domain became one of the first six .edu domains in history.

The main campus of Carnegie Mellon University covers an area of ​​0.58 square kilometers, about 5 kilometers from downtown Pittsburgh.The west side of the university is adjacent to the University of Pittsburgh campus. CMU has 81 buildings in the Oakland and Squirrel Hill areas.

Built in the 1950s, Skibo Hall was the center of student life at the time.The building has a mid-century modernist style, but it has been unable to keep up with the increasing computer and Internet technology after decades. In the summer of 1994, Skipper Hall was demolished and replaced by a new student life center, "University Center," equipped with Wi-Fi facilities. In 2014, in recognition of the eighth president, Gerald Cohon, the University Center was renamed Cohon University Center.

A piece of lawn in the center of the campus is called "The Cut", which is the backbone of the campus; perpendicular to it is another piece of lawn called "The Mall".To build the Academy of Fine Arts, a hill had to be leveled, and the excavated soil was filled into a ravine, forming The Cut today.

The northwest part of the campus was purchased from the U.S. Bureau of Mines in the 1980s and today houses Hamburg Hall, Newell Simon Hall, Smith Hall and Gates Hillman Building (Gates Hillman Complex).

In 2006, a Carnegie Mellon University trustee donated a 24-meter sculpture called "Walking to the Sky."The siting of the sculpture, the low participation of the campus community, and its overall aesthetics have all been controversial.

2006年财政年度，CMU在研究上共支出3.15亿美元。获得最多经费的学院有：计算机科学学院（1.003亿美元）、软件工程学院（7170万美元）、卡内基理工学院（4850万美元）及梅隆科学学院（4770万美元）。研究经费主要来自美国联邦政府，其中2.776亿美元来自联邦政府的投资。投资最大的联邦政府机构包括国家科学基金会和国防部，它们的贡献分别占大学研究预算的26%和23.4%。

As early as 1987, the funding given to CMU in the federal budget ranked third among all research and education institutions (a total of 4150 million US dollars).Only MIT and Johns Hopkins surpass Carnegie Mellon in receiving DoD funding.

The Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) is a collaborative project of Carnegie Mellon University, the University of Pittsburgh, and Westinghouse Corporation. Founded in 1986 by Ralph Roskies of the University of Pittsburgh and Michael Levine of Carnegie Mellon University, P****SC is the National Science Foundation's network infrastructure program TeraGrid. One of the main cooperative institutions.

Carnegie Mellon University is most famous for its School of Computer Science, which is also the direction Zhang Shan has been paddling in before.

Basically, it is quite easy to get a post in a university after a bachelor's degree, and then a Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon!

Speaking of the many colleges of Carnegie Mellon University~
The Robotics Institute (RI), a division of the School of Computer Science, is considered one of the world's leading robotics research centers.

The Field Robotics Center (FRC) has developed a number of important robots, including Sandstorm, which won No. 2 in the DARPA Grand Challenge Unmanned Vehicle Competition, H3ghlander, which won No. 1, and H1ghlander, which won No. [-] in the DARPA Urban Challenge. Boss.The School of Robotics is primarily located in the Newell Simon Building on the main CMU campus.

The Software Engineering Institute (SEI) is a research and development center funded by the U.S. Department of Defense.

It has offices in Pittsburgh, Arlington County, Virginia, and Hamburg, Germany. SEI publishes books on software engineering for use by industry, government, and the military, and is known for its Capability Maturity Model (CMM) and Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). The SEI is also home to the Cyber ​​Emergency Response Coordination Center (CERT/CC), whose main mission is to defend against attacks against networked systems and implement emergency measures should an attack occur.

The Human-Computer Interaction Institute (HCII) is part of the School of Computer Science.It is considered one of the leading institutions for research in human-computer interaction, and its research integrates computer science, design, social science and learning science.This interdisciplinary collaborative project reflects the research style of the entire university.

The Human-Computer Interaction Institute (HCII) is a division of the Department of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University and is considered the domain of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). In 2008, it was ranked among the "Top 30 Most Creative Universities" by Computer World (English: Computer World).Over the past 10 years, the Institute has been a major publication site in the field of Human-Computer Interaction, mainly at the Association for Computing Machinery's CHI conferences, which typically account for more than [-]% of publications .Research at the Institute aims to understand and create new technologies that integrate human power into computer science, design, social science and learning sciences.

The Language Technology Institute (LTI) is another research institute under the School of Computer Science, but the institute is not mainly concerned with the study of human languages, but is known for its research in language technology.

The main research areas include: machine translation, speech recognition, speech synthesis, information retrieval, syntax analysis and information extraction.The predecessor of the college was the Mechanical Translation Center established in 1986. Since 1996, the college began to award graduate degrees, and the name was changed to the Institute of Language Technology.

Speaking of which, the alumni of Carnegie Mellon School are even more impressive.

John Nash, who died in a car accident a few months ago, is one of Carnegie Mellon's most famous alumni.

John Nash, full name John Forbes Nash (John Forbes Nash, Jr.), was born on June 1928, 6 in a middle-class family in Bluefield, an industrial city in West Virginia, USA. In 13, John Nash received a doctorate from the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. In his 1950-page doctoral dissertation, he made an important discovery, which was the game theory later called "Nash Equilibrium". In 27, he shared the Nobel Prize in Economics with two other game theorists, John C. Harsani and Reinhard Selten.

Nash equilibrium, also known as non-cooperative game equilibrium, is an important term in game theory named after John Nash.In a game process, regardless of the opponent's strategy choice, one party will choose a certain strategy, and this strategy is called the dominant strategy.If any player chooses the best strategy when the strategies of all other players are determined, then this combination is defined as Nash equilibrium.

A strategy portfolio is called a Nash equilibrium, when each player's equilibrium strategy is to maximize his own expected payoff, while all other players follow such a strategy.

Speaking of these are not known to people~
But when it comes to "A Beautiful Mind", almost everyone knows this movie~
The film tells the story of John Forbes Nash, a mathematician suffering from schizophrenia, who devoted himself to research in the fields of game theory and differential geometry, and finally won the Nobel Prize in Economics.

And the prototype of the protagonist of this movie is John Nash.

It seems that this kind of character is out of reach with Zhang Shan!
But Zhang Shan feels that he is only one step away from this kind of person~
(End of this chapter)