I can extract side effects.

After sending the boss away, Ding Mian was a little bit disappointed.

"It seems that I still can't be complacent. Implantable bioartificial kidneys are not as easy as I thought."

"Hey, what can I do? Human cells are so delicate. Kidney tubular cells can be repaired if they are injured, but their ability is limited, not to mention that they are so easily injured."

"What is ischemia? High blood sugar, proteinuria, and various toxins can all hurt it. If a normal person is fine, but they are uremic patients. They already have proteinuria, high blood sugar, and various other diseases. A variety of metabolic toxins add up to seventy-seven eighty-eight, even if they are all healthy cells, they will be poisoned to death sooner or later."

He muttered in his mouth, as if he had a look of self-pity.

Xue Shen comforted: "In any case, the artificial kidney is still very successful. At least it can save the lives of those patients with acute renal failure, and it can also greatly improve the lives of patients with uremia."

"If automatic dialysis can be performed 24 hours a day, I don't think those uremic patients would mind hanging one on their body."

"It's still very useful for us to come up with this thing."

Ding Mian took a deep breath, nodded and said, "Understood, the next step is animal clinical experiments."

Xue Shen chuckled: "Since it is an external artificial kidney, we can completely focus on the effect without considering the long-term use result."

"You should know that even if the same dialysis effect is achieved, the investigation time required for the treatment of uremia is much longer than that of acute renal failure."

"If you really come up with an implantable bioartificial kidney, the inspection time after implantation alone will take 3-6 months, not to mention the long-term follow-up."

"But now it's an in vitro bioartificial kidney, so naturally it doesn't need to be investigated for so long, a month is more than enough."

"As long as acute renal failure is applied for clinical trials as an indication, as an emergency use product, the clinical trial time can be greatly shortened, and the goal of being marketed as soon as possible can be achieved."

"From another perspective, it might be a blessing in disguise."

He patted Ding Mian on the shoulder, with an unconcealable joy on his face.

"Young man, hurry up and try to go public this year."

Ding Mian suddenly lifted his spirits: "That's right, first get the external biological artificial kidney, and then study the real implantable artificial kidney."

Xue Shen couldn't help being speechless: "It seems that you still don't give up."

Ding Mian waved his hand, and said carelessly: "Technical matters always have to explore infinite possibilities, there is no such thing as giving up."

"It's nothing more than this method doesn't work, just change the direction."

"Artificial kidneys don't work. I can try to grow kidney organoids in vitro and make a purely biological artificial kidney."

"If it doesn't work, I'll try 3D printing an artificial kidney again. There must be a way, just to see how far it can be done."

"However, if we consider an external artificial kidney, then we have to change its structure."

He gestured a few times with his hands in the air and said.

"We have to make the two core components of the blood filter and the bioreactor into a modular structure. After a period of use, they can be pulled out and replaced with a new one, just like changing the filter element of a water filter, so that the artificial kidney can Use it for a long time."

Xue Shen's eyes lit up immediately: "Wonderful, then we can sell accessories to make money."

"This is a good way. A lot of equipment doesn't make any money at all. They all rely on selling accessories to make money. Moreover, this is a slow-moving business, which is much better than a one-off sale."

He fell into deep thought: "In addition to structural changes, a timing alarm must be added to remind customers to change accessories when the set time is reached, lest they procrastinate. In case of any physical problems, they can also shirk responsibility .”

"Do you think these two accessories should be sold as a set or separately? I feel that each has its own advantages, and it is difficult to make a decision."

"Forget it, wait until I go back and arrange and combine them to see which one is the most profitable."

Ding Mian stared at him with wide eyes for several seconds before slowly uttering a word.

"I can't see it, you brat has a lot of tricks."

Xue Shen said with resentment on his face: "Just now you called me brother Xue, but now they call me brat."

Ding Mian suddenly covered his eyes, turned his head away, and strode out the door, shouting as he walked.

"It can't be done, you are so narrow-minded, it makes me try to attack my trypophobia."

******
One morning after half a month, Ding Mian and Xue Shen drove to the Kunming Animal Experiment Center.

This time they redesigned a bioartificial kidney suitable for human use, intending to use it on pigs in the experimental center.

Due to the high genetic similarity between pigs and humans, and the similar kidney size to humans, pigs stand out among many animals and even beat primates such as macaques to become the best experimental subjects.

Pig heart valves have been used successfully in humans for decades and have become an important source of valves.

The blood thinner heparin is also extracted from pig intestines, while pig skin is used for burn transplants and pig corneas are used to restore vision to patients.

Even the earliest insulin preparations came from pig islet cells.

Later, humans even went one step further, trying to use gene-edited pig hearts to perform heart transplants on patients.

Although the experiment has not been successful, it at least proves that this is a very promising application direction.

For humans, the whole body of a pig is a treasure.

As for the pigs in the laboratory, they are made into models of various animal diseases, and are selflessly dedicated to human medical research.

Under the leadership of Dean Liu, the two put on surgical gowns and came to the operating room.

A medium-sized pig has been given anesthesia, lying peacefully on the operating table, waiting quietly.

Dean Liu led the two to the operating table and introduced them eloquently.

"According to your request, I have prepared 6 pig models of acute renal failure in advance."

"Two of them will only receive external artificial kidneys, and the remaining four will be the control group."

"Each pig underwent cecal ligation and perforation, as well as renal artery clipping 48 hours in advance, which successfully resulted in intra-abdominal infection and multiple organ dysfunction began 24 hours after the operation."

"Currently, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen have risen significantly, from 92umol/L and 4.16mmol/L to 986 and 48 respectively. Liver function, blood coagulation function and heart function have also suffered a certain degree of failure."

"Overall, the data for acute kidney failure are very promising."

"This animal model is simple to make, easy to reproduce, and has significant organ function and morphological damage, which better simulates the clinical features of acute renal failure. Our experimental center is strong in making animal models, and it is absolutely satisfactory."

Ding Mian interrupted Dean Liu's introduction: "You have prepared very well, start the operation immediately."

While speaking, he put a refrigerator in his hand on the shelf next to the operating table.

With a click, the box opened, revealing two silver-white square metal boxes in front of everyone.

The medical staff next to the operating table all cast curious eyes, but they didn't dare to speak.

Dean Liu gave the chief surgeon a look, and said with a smile, "These two are the people in charge of Sanqing, and they came at the right time. You can start the operation."

The chief surgeon nodded, and quickly disemboweled the pig.

Since it is an external artificial kidney, the operation is very simple. You only need to connect the arterial blood vessel and venous blood vessel to the upper and lower ends of the artificial kidney through the artificial blood vessel. As for the urine, it will flow into the urine bag through another outlet.

The entire operation was completed in less than 30 minutes.

When the doctor sewed up the wound, the artificial kidney was secured to the pig's lower back with gauze and medical tape.

There was a burst of warm applause at the scene.

Dean Liu's face was flushed, his expression was very excited, and he clapped his hands.

Looking at it like this, if people who don't know the truth see it, they may think that he has developed an artificial kidney.

"The operation was very successful! Thanks to the two leaders of Sanqing for bringing us this miraculous scene."

"Last year there was an artificial heart, and this year there is an artificial kidney. Sanqing has really made great strides in the field of artificial organs. It is worthy of being the light of our country's medical care."

"It is our honor to cooperate with Sanqing and successfully carry out the first animal experiment of artificial kidney."

Ding Mian smiled, but did not speak.

Xue Shen next to him started a warm conversation with Dean Liu.

After a few minutes, the two reluctantly ended their conversation.

Ding Mian coughed lightly, and ordered: "Let's leave it at that, I'll do the surgery on the other pig later."

"The remaining 4 pigs were divided into two control groups, with 2 pigs in one group. Group A received routine hemodialysis, while group B was left alone and died normally."

"During these three groups of animal experiments, all the data must be recorded in detail and available for us to review at any time."

"By the way, what I want to see is the effect of dialysis, so don't use medicine."

"That's about it. It's already afternoon when the pig wakes up, so let's come back tomorrow."

"Don't worry, it's absolutely fine." Dean Liu nodded repeatedly, and sent the two of them out of the operating room, all the way to the gate.

"We follow the normal process, and all the data will be uploaded to Sanqing's system for you to call and view at any time."

In the afternoon of the next day, Ding and Xue came to the experiment center again and put on protective clothing.

In a spacious observation room, metal fences divide the room into several areas.

At the gate, through the fence, they saw two energetic pigs.

The rosy-white pig swayed back and forth, sticking its head into the trough from time to time, and snorting and eating in it.

Except for a metal box tied around the waist and a urine bag, there is no difference from ordinary experimental pigs.

Ding Mian smiled with satisfaction: "It seems to be recovering well, but there is no sign of kidney failure."

Dean Liu said with a smile on his face, "That's because Sanqing's artificial kidney works well."

"Look, on the left and right are the other four pigs from the control group."

"The two pigs on the left, we give them hemodialysis every day, and the pig on the right has kidney failure for more than 72 hours, and the remaining survival time is estimated to be only 2 days."

Ding Mian walked forward and came to the fence on the left.

There were also two white pigs inside, but they were not in good spirits, lying on the ground sickly, even though there was food in the trough, they did not compete to eat.

Dean Liu explained: "Dialysis once a day is certainly not as effective as 24-hour dialysis with an artificial kidney."

"Don't look at these two pigs as mediocre, but their lives are indeed not in danger."

Hearing this sentence, Ding Mian couldn't help but twitch his mouth.

What does it mean that there is no life-threatening, and the emotional dialysis is not very distracting, it just keeps the pig in a half-dead state.

But he didn't say anything, nodded, and walked to the right side by the window.

The condition of the two pigs here is even worse. They are lying on the ground and dying. They can only breathe in, but not out.

Ding Mian was about to speak when suddenly a strong smell of urine came over his face, he quickly covered his nose and took several steps back.

Dean Liu also covered his nose in embarrassment, and said: "Normal, normal, acute renal failure, he passed away within two days, it was like this before he died, and the clinical symptoms are all in line."

Xue Shen stood behind the two of them, looking as if nothing had happened, and said with a smile: "These two pigs are nothing to look at, and the smell is also bad. I'd better go back and look at the pigs over there."

The three of them came to the pig at the door again.

Dean Liu took a report from the staff, scanned it briefly, and handed it to Ding Mian.

"This is the inspection report of 6 pigs. The data is very clear. The two pigs with artificial kidneys are in relatively healthy condition."

"The two pigs undergoing dialysis showed certain symptoms of kidney failure, but the toxins and metabolites in the body can be excreted, and there is no danger to life."

"In general, the artificial kidney has the advantages of better biocompatibility, higher ability to remove toxins, and less loss of nutrients. It does not require needles, uses blood pumps and anticoagulants, and has no risk of blood loss, infection, and kidney transplant failure. Portable with you.”

Ding Mian carefully looked at the inspection report word by word from beginning to end.

Suddenly, he yelled out.

Xue Shen immediately approached: "What's the matter? What did you find?"

Ding Mian pointed to the test data of the artificial kidney, and said: "Look, in the blood after dialysis of the artificial kidney, various inorganic salts, electrolytes, glucose and other components were detected, and the water content was also high, indicating that these components have not been lost. "

Then he pointed to the data of conventional dialysis: "It is also the blood after dialysis. In conventional dialysis, all these components are removed."

"In addition, before the artificial kidney was installed, the pigs had a certain degree of abdominal infection, but after dialysis of the artificial kidney, the infection of the pigs was well suppressed. You can see that the two pigs are in good spirits and have no fever. Didn't rise very high."

He frowned and thought: "There must be some kind of ingredient that plays a role in resisting infection."

Dean Liu also came over, looked at the report, and said in surprise: "It's true, nothing else, it really has the effect of preventing infection, it's really strange."

Ding Mian slapped his thigh suddenly, and said with joy: "I see, it must be the renal tubular epithelial cells I cultivated that produced natural immune system molecules, so-called cytokines, which are effective in resisting infection. very important role."

Now, even Xue Shen showed surprise, and blurted out: "Doesn't that mean that the bioartificial kidney really functions as a kidney?"

Ding Mian smiled instantly: "That's right, the effect is great."

"It seems that we have really made it this time."

"I can't wait to see how the bioartificial kidney works in patients."