Hand rubbing nuclear fusion live in the wilderness

Chapter 552 Volcanic eruption on Mars
Compared with Earth, the surface temperature of Mars is indeed lower.

On the one hand, it is farther away from the sun and can receive light radiation than on the earth; on the other hand, the atmosphere of Mars is thinner.

The thin atmosphere cannot effectively maintain its own temperature. The average temperature can be as low as minus [-] degrees at the aphelion, and the temperature at the poles is even lower.

Combining the two, it is not uncommon to be able to freeze carbon dioxide in the atmosphere directly into solid dry ice.

In fact, even at perihelion, there is a large amount of material composed of water ice and dry ice at the poles of Mars.

It's just that the volume and area will be greatly reduced.

There are seasonal changes on Earth, and so does Mars.

The north polar cap of Mars evaporates a layer of dry ice about one meter thick every summer, while the dry ice layer at the south pole of Mars is about eight meters thick, and it is too late to evaporate completely in the whole summer.

This causes the polar cap of Mars to change every year, similar to the changes in the ice and snow at the north and south poles of the earth. When the temperature is high in summer, the ice and snow melt and the range of the polar cap will shrink.

In winter, due to the drop in temperature, the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere begins to condense, and the scope of the polar cap becomes larger.

Water and carbon dioxide travel back and forth between the polar cap and the atmosphere through sublimation and condensation, which constitutes an important part of the current Martian climate and also provides a certain possibility for the existence of life.

In addition to the poles, the bottom of the Grand Canyon of Mars and the crater in the south of the Grand Olympia Onda Dune Field in the Arctic - Korolev Crater and other low-lying places also have the same mixture of water ice and dry ice.

It’s just that compared with Antarctica, the substances in these places are mainly water ice and less dry ice. After all, the temperature is relatively high and dry ice is easy to vaporize.

These places are compared with the cold north and south poles, because the temperature in summer is higher, and water ice melts into liquid water, which will form material exchange, and the possibility of life is also higher.

Under the control of the intelligent core inside the spacecraft, the No. [-] spacecraft successfully entered the orbit around Mars.

After floating half a circle here, the spacecraft will land in the most famous Mariner Grand Canyon.

In the open orbit of Mars, Han Yuan stood in the third sub-chamber and looked down at the red planet below his feet.

Under close observation, the red Mars is actually not red, and the khaki land is almost the same as the desert area on the earth.

Of course, it is more desolate than the deserts on earth.

On the earth, even in the central area of ​​the Sahara Desert, there is still life. There are no microorganisms here, or there are some microorganisms that cannot be seen by the naked eye.

[It's so desolate. 】

[In addition to the earth, it is still the earth, except for the soil, there are only rocks. 】

[Except for the desolation, it seems to be no different from the earth. 】

[My mother said it was the same as our desert in Inner Mongolia, hahahahaha. 】

[Clouds!There are clouds on Mars!Still a white cloud!See you for the first time! 】

[Normal, although the atmosphere of Mars is thin, there is still atmospheric activity. 】

[A magical place, I don’t know what kind of life-level creatures have appeared on Mars, but the secrets are buried under layers of soil. 】

[I heard that there may have been advanced life like humans on Mars before, but it may have died out due to the great changes in the ecological environment on Mars due to the battle for resources. 】

[Mars Pyramid!And a Martian face! 】

[It's so similar to the earth, if life existed on Mars, I wouldn't be surprised at all. 】

In the live broadcast room, the barrage continued to flow, and the ultra-high-definition shooting device even allowed the audience to see the rocks on the ground.

Everyone is interested in this mysterious planet that has not been set foot on until now, whether it is ordinary audiences or experts from various countries.

Regarding the previous history of Mars, no one can tell whether there is life on it, and no one knows.

Mysterious things are always attractive, and the appearance of advanced intelligent life forms such as Martians in countless TV movie novels makes people look forward to it even more.

The huge spacecraft pierced the sky of Mars, and the Grand Canyon of the Mariner in the distance has been clearly visible.

The huge crack is like a scar on the face of Mars, which directly disfigures the beautiful planet.

And beyond the Mariner Grand Canyon is the Tarsis Plateau. The famous Olympus Mount is just to the northwest of the Tarsis Plateau and is the highest mountain in the solar system.

When Han Yuan's eyes fell on this famous plain, he was stunned.

What stunned him was not the majesty of Olympus Mons. Although Olympus Mons is more than 2 meters above the base level of Mars, if it is on the surface of Mars, it will look extremely majestic.

But in a low-Earth orbit of more than 100 kilometers, it seems to be just a prominent point.

What made him stunned was another volcano on the edge of Mount Olympus, which he judged to be Mount Escalels by visual inspection.

This mountain, which is more than 8000 meters high, is billowing thick smoke at the moment.

"Volcano eruption!"

At this time, the first idea that popped up in Han Yuan's mind was rejected by himself in less than a second, because the core of Mars is in a semi-dormant state, and geological activities such as volcanic eruptions are impossible.

But within a few seconds of rejecting this idea, he picked it up again.

He remembered a piece of data collected during the previous exploration of Mars.

In that data, Xiao Qi specially showed a piece of data on Mars’ geological activities. The detection equipment launched up found signs of volcanic activity in the Coppelos trough, about 600 years ago.

Although the time of geological activities more than 600 years ago feels a bit long, it is an incredible thing for Mars, whose core has already cooled.

This is enough to prove that the core of Mars is recovering, that is, re-rotating.

Although it is not sure what the reason is, it is enough to explain the volcanic eruption of Mount Esquerels in front of us.

The eruption of Mount Esquerels not only attracted the attention of Won, but also the attention of the audience in the live broadcast room.

【Eh?What's wrong with this one below?The smoke was billowing. 】

[Martians are cooking! 】

[Has the volcano erupted? This is it. 】

[Impossible, the core of Mars has cooled down a long time ago. Except for meteorite impacts, there is basically no geological activity, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes are unrealistic. 】

[Then what's going on with the thick smoke?Don't tell me there are real Martians on Mars. 】

[The base built by the anchor is on fire?Didn't you say you want to build a base on Mars? 】

[There is no oxygen on Mars, how to burn it?Burn a p. 】

[What's the matter?With such a big smoke, something must have happened. 】

Regarding the billowing smoke from Mount Esquerels, there was a lot of discussion and speculation in the live broadcast room.

Some said Martians, some said volcanic eruptions, and some said something burned, but at an altitude of hundreds of kilometers, only thick smoke can be seen, and too many details cannot be seen, so it is impossible to determine the specific situation.

Including Won himself, although it is speculated that there was a volcanic eruption on Mount Esquerels, it cannot be confirmed.

The best way to determine what happened on the Tharsis Plateau is to descend and go closer to observe.

However, the landing coordinates of the spacecraft are set at the beginning. To temporarily change the landing point, it is necessary to recalculate various parameters and coordinates, as well as select the location.

After all, the size of the Zero spacecraft is quite large. If it wants to land, it is best to choose an open plain.

But Won can take another way to observe Mount Esquerels and Tharsis Plateau.

That is to lower the altitude without landing on the ground.

Although the billowing smoke erupting from Esquerels Mountain will have a certain impact on observation and flight, it is enough to avoid a certain angle and open the electromagnetic alloy armor.

After issuing the command, the intelligent core of the zero spacecraft immediately modified the flight route, and the spacecraft that was originally going to land in the Grand Canyon of the Mariner directly crossed the Grand Canyon of the Mariner and flew towards the Tarsis Plateau.

Along with the flight, the altitude continued to decrease, and finally, Mount Esquerels, which was billowing with thick smoke, reappeared in the eyes of Won and the audience in the live broadcast room.

This time, the red-black magma is absolutely sure what happened here.

[The volcanic eruption is really a volcanic eruption. 】

[Those flowing things are magma, right? 】

[Didn't it mean that the core of Mars has cooled down a long time ago?How could there be such a thing as magma?Shouldn't it all condense into rock? 】

[Volcanic activity and magma outflow indicate that there is a material exchange, and if there is a material exchange, there is the possibility of life. Martian life may be found on Mars. 】

[Theoretically, yes, but in practice it may not be. After all, Mars has had a cold core for hundreds of millions of years. 】

[The most important thing is the magnetic field. The magnetic field originally protected the atmosphere of Mars like a shield. After it disappeared, the ionized matter from the sun continuously scraped away the atmosphere and water on Mars. Without these, life would not exist. 】

[Whoever told you that life must rely on the atmosphere and water to exist, if you only use human cognition to find life, your knowledge is too shallow. 】

[Can you ride a horse and not be a jerk?Have you ever seen alien life, know their living form or what? 】

[The reason why scientists look for extraterrestrial life with the earth as the reference standard is because so far we only understand the life forms of the earth, other life forms are only theoretical conjectures, and it is more difficult to find them. 】

[For example, if there is an atmosphere, liquid water and oxygen on a planet, then the possibility of finding life on this planet will be even greater. Therefore, finding alien life based on the life form of the earth possibility is the greatest. 】

The geological activities on Mars have attracted the attention of the audience in the live broadcast room, and the flowing magma has attracted everyone's attention to whether there is life on Mars.

The traditional theory of the origin of life holds that life originated from primordial soup, lightning, and the atmosphere, and is the result of complex biochemical reactions.

But the new generation of biophysicists believed that the emergence of life was the function of the second law of thermodynamics. From the perspective of physics, there was only one essential difference between living things and inanimate carbon atoms.

That is, organic life will be better than inanimate carbon atoms at capturing energy from the environment and dissipating it as heat.

No matter which one it is, what is certain is that the emergence of life is inseparable from the exchange of heat and matter.

The eruption of a volcano can fully satisfy these two basic conditions.

Black and red intertwined magma was slowly flowing on the ground, and the eruption of Mount Esquerels made Han Yuan realize that the recovery of the Martian core might still be higher than his previous detection.

In other words, maybe the cooling of the Martian core is not that serious.

Mars is different from the earth. When the planet was formed, it was cooled by the molten magma on the surface, and a static crust was formed directly around the mantle, without any tectonic plates.

Although magma was erupted by volcanoes in the early days of formation, volcanic activity on Mars ceased billions of years ago.

However, judging from the current Mount Esquerels volcano, there may still be molten magma chambers inside Mars.

The mantle is also not as detected, it is completely solidified.

In this way, the transformation of Mars may save time.

After all, completely changing the state of the core and the mantle is completely different from enhancing the existing state, and the former is much more difficult.

Flying around the erupting Mount Eskrels twice, and after collecting some data, Han Yuan drove the spaceship towards the Mariner Grand Canyon.

If there is life on Mars, there is a high probability that it will be in places like the Mariner Grand Canyon and the Silas Basin.

Because they are located in the equatorial region of Mars, they can receive more sunlight and maintain a certain temperature, and due to topographical reasons, some water ice is basically retained at the bottom of these sunken valley basins.

Liquid water may even be present during the Martian summer.

The place where water ice, liquid water and dry ground intersect is the most likely place for life to exist in terms of life forms discovered by humans so far.

As for Mount Esquerels, which is still erupting, it will be fine to check it later, and during the eruption, even if there is life in the original volcanic pool or around it, it will probably all be gone.

But correspondingly, the Tharsis Plateau is not limited to the volcano Mount Esquerels.

Volcanoes such as Mount Arsia, Mount Pavonis, Mount Olympus, and Mount Abbas are all located in this area. These volcanoes have not yet observed signs of eruption. Maybe the center of the volcanic pool left by the previous eruption may exist Some microorganisms and other life, he can go and see later.

Under the control of the intelligent core, the zero spacecraft landed safely at the bottom of the Mariner Grand Canyon.

This is a location that has been selected in advance, and it is in the sunlit area in summer. Although the time is relatively short, it gives the bottom water ice a chance to melt.

If microbes do exist on Mars, this is one of the most likely places.

(End of this chapter)