Hand rubbing nuclear fusion live in the wilderness

Chapter 274 Ten-nanometer carbon-based chips?
When Won said that the 'laser ablation method' and the 'arc discharge method' are not suitable for erosion engraving of high-precision carbon-based chips below ten nanometers, the audience in the live broadcast room were stunned for a moment, and then quickly boiled up.

[I'll go, anchor, how do you know? 】

[Good guy!I immediately called my good guy! 】

['Favorite green tea bitch' sent out a super rocket*1, robbery!Please hand over your carbon-based chip preparation technology! 】

[Laser ablation and arc discharge methods are not suitable for engraving circuit diagrams of cutting-edge carbon-based chips. What does this mean? 】

[It means that the anchor has a pornographic film? 】

[God damn porn! ! ! !Carbon-based chips! ! ! ! ! ! 】

[Laughing to death, a sip of soda was sprayed all over the screen of the phone. 】

[The end of silicon-based chips is coming! 】

[Carbon-based chip technology in our country seems to be at the forefront of the world, right?If the anchor speaks, wouldn't it be cheaper for other countries? 】

[That's right, the carbon-based chip anchor should stop talking about it! 】

【Why are your eyes so shallow?What did the host just say?Laser ablation and arc discharge methods are not suitable for engraving circuit diagrams of cutting-edge carbon-based chips, which shows that he has nano-scale carbon-based chip manufacturing methods in his hands! ! ! ! ! ! 】

[Anyway, I still feel cheap gringo. 】

[Who said that this anchor is from China?We in Korea also have the surname 'Han', okay? 】

【? ? ? ? ? 】

On the virtual screen, countless barrages came crowded, and the audience in the live broadcast room was simply crazy.

Not to mention the audience, even the experts from various countries, when they heard what Han Yuan said, their collective hearts missed half a beat, and then started beating violently.

Picometer-level lithography machine preparation technology!
Nanoscale carbon-based chips!

Experts and leaders from all over the world were dizzy when the continuous black technology was uttered from the mouth of this anchor.

Many experts and scientists watched the live broadcast as if they had an asthma attack, their chests were tight and they couldn't breathe.

"How much knowledge is there in this person's brain?"

At this moment, this idea emerged in the minds of countless experts and scientists.

From survival in the wilderness two years ago, to iron preparation later, to the electrical age to the information age.

How far can this anchor go?
Is it to enter the universe starry sky?Or make a curvature engine?

Even though they are the most knowledgeable people on earth, these top experts and scientists are a little confused at the moment.

They thought they had overestimated Won's technology as much as possible, but unexpectedly they underestimated it.

Let alone picometer-level lithography machine preparation technology, humans have not even made a breakthrough in two-nanometer lithography machine technology.

The most difficult part of a lithography machine is the 'knife' used to engrave chips, that is, the ultraviolet light source.

Of course, the light source here refers to the light source control system including the exposure system, lenses, mirrors, etc. as a whole.

From the input of the light source, to letting the light pass through the layers of lenses to refract many times without deviation, to finally reaching the engraving accuracy at the nanometer level.

It is so difficult that no company in the world can complete all links independently.

For example, AMSL in Windmill Country, the world's top lithography machine manufacturer, produces lithography machines with accessories from all over the world.

The key point is that the carving tools come from the light source of the United States, the lens and mechanical technology of the Germanic country.

Take the mirror in the lithography machine as an example. If the area of ​​the mirror is as large as the entire Germanic country, then the highest protrusion cannot exceed one centimeter.

It is conceivable how difficult it is to polish the lens.

But these things can only meet the requirements of manufacturing top lithography machines if they are truly top-notch.

Other countries simply do not have the capacity to produce these top-level things.

However, even so, the accuracy of the world's top light sources cannot exceed two nanometers.

Because the wavelength of the light source is limited.

At present, the light source provided by the United States to AMSL is extreme ultraviolet light, which is also the light source used on the most advanced 'EUV lithography machine'.

The wavelength of this light source can be controlled to ten nanometers, which is already the limit.

However, using complex exposure control systems such as smooth diffraction effects and light intensity adjustments, it can perform exposure engraving on exposure areas below ten nanometers.

This is why a ten-nanometer wavelength light source can produce five-nanometer chips.

But for picometer-level chips, the wavelength of the light source may have to be controlled below one nanometer.

The length of a light wave of one nanometer sounds incredible.

It is necessary to know that the energy of a photon is related to the wavelength and frequency. The shorter the wavelength, the faster the frequency and the higher the energy.

The faster the frequency and the higher the energy, the harder it is to control and collect the light source.

As far as the current extreme ultraviolet light is concerned, when the light source is working, it is necessary to use a laser with a power of 5 kilowatts at a frequency of 20 times per second to hit a tin droplet with a size of 20 microns in a vacuum, so that the liquid tin is vaporized into plasma, thereby generating waves. Long and short extreme ultraviolet light.

The production is only the first step. After the production, these light sources with extreme wavelengths will run around in a vacuum, and these extremely short-wavelength extreme ultraviolet light needs to be collected and concentrated to become a light knife that can be used for engraving.

To be honest, just these things, this can already be said to be a technology that has broken through the human brain.

Purple light is the light wave with the shortest wavelength among all light waves. The closer to violet light, the shorter the wavelength.

And the extreme ultraviolet light has a further shortened wavelength on top.

There is only one country in the world that can provide ten-nanometer extreme ultraviolet light, and that is the United States.

It has been many years since the development of extreme ultraviolet light at the ten-nanometer level, but no scientist can come up with the idea of ​​further shortening the wavelength of extreme ultraviolet light.

Yes, it means that there are no ideas, not that there are ideas that cannot be realized.

Therefore, scientists all over the world have no way of imagining how to manufacture and control a light source with a wavelength of one nanometer.

Regarding the audience's questions in the live broadcast room, Han Yuan just smiled, neither denied nor confirmed, but turned his attention to the lithography machine blueprint spread out on the table, and continued:
"This time, all the structural drawings of the lithography machine I prepared are here."

"Its main body is divided into a total of eight parts: laser generator, energy controller, photometric controller, optical mirror device, mask table, exposure table, measuring device, and shock absorption device."

"These eight parts constitute the main structure of the lithography machine."

"Of course, there are also transistor computers, external control and adjustment devices, and so on."

While speaking, Han Yuan sorted out the drawings on the table, then found the drawings related to the shock absorber from inside, rolled them up, held them in his hand, and walked towards the alloy smelter.

"Everyone knows that chip-level lithography machines with extremely high processing precision have extremely strict requirements on the storage environment."

"Even a car passing by outside the room will affect the accuracy of the lithography machine."

"So in addition to the special shock-absorbing design on the floor where the lithography machine is placed, the lithography machine itself will also have its own vibration isolator for protection."

Netizens in the live broadcast room saw that Won avoided the carbon-based chip and did not answer their questions directly, and they all denounced Huai Ming in the live broadcast room for pretending to be pitiful.

[Come on, anchor, let's talk about carbon-based chips, what's so interesting about the shock absorption system. 】

[Yes, yes, I want to hear how carbon-based chips are made. 】

[My roommate has lung cancer and only has one day to live. Before he dies, he just wants to listen to carbon-based chips. You, the host, can fulfill this wish. 】

[It's just a shock absorber, what can I say, Dad, I want to hear carbon-based chips! 】

【Aren’t you too underestimating the importance of shock absorption?For a high-precision device such as a lithography machine, it cannot be used with a slight vibration, and even the vibration is so weak that you may not feel it. 】

[What the above said makes sense, I belong to Peking University, and Line 16 was rerouted because of the precision instruments in my school. 】

[Curious question, is the shock absorber of the lithography machine still using springs? 】

【I can answer this question for you. Of course, the lithography machine does not use springs, which are low ratios. As for what to use, I don’t know §(*￣▽￣*)§】

[High-performance active vibration isolation device!Our company sells this, do you need it?The price is not expensive, only a few hundred thousand. 】

【? ? ? ? ? 】

[Fuck, it's not expensive? 】

[What are you thinking, this kind of hundreds of thousands, at most used for optical instruments, can be used for shock absorbers on lithography machines, it is estimated that at least a few million start. 】

[He sells a lithography machine for more than [-] million, Mijin!Millions of shock absorbers, is that trivial, okay? 】

Han Yuan glanced at the barrage and said with a smile: "Vibration isolation devices are generally divided into two types."

"The first is passive vibration isolation. Springs, rubber, sponges, foams, etc. are all passive vibration isolation devices or materials."

"These devices or materials achieve shock absorption by reducing the vibration intensity transmitted to the receiving structure, and have the advantages of simple structure, easy implementation, reliable operation, and no need to consume additional external energy."

"But the disadvantage is that the shock absorption effect is average, and it is basically useless for high-precision instruments such as photolithography machines or optical lenses."

"The second is active vibration isolation."

"This device is actually an actuator, but these actuators can apply a certain control strategy to drive the actuator according to the detected vibration signal, so as to achieve the purpose of suppressing or eliminating vibration."

"The drawing in my hand is a high-performance active vibration isolation device."

With that said, Han Yuan also came to the alloy smelter, pushed open the door, spread out the blueprint in his hand, and showed it to the audience.

From the top overall structure diagram, the drawn active vibration isolation device looks like a mattress.

The viewers in the live broadcast room only saw the extremely precise parts structure after turning to the second, third, and fourth pages.

Corresponding names are marked on various parts, including sensors, vibration meters, air springs, actuators, drivers, actuators, and so on.

On the huge white paper, there are all kinds of complicated line structure diagrams and labels densely packed, and the audience in the live broadcast room are dazzled.

【so complicated! 】

[It's just a shock absorber, do you need so many parts? 】

【Air spring?Why is there such a thing in the active shock absorber?Isn't it passive vibration isolation? 】

[Thank you, I have been squatting in the live broadcast room for almost two years, and finally I can understand it.I will answer this question! 】

[Continued: Active vibration isolation technology usually includes passive vibration isolation components and active vibration isolators. Passive vibration isolation components (such as air springs) are responsible for eliminating high-frequency vibration and supporting load functions, while active vibration isolation technology has excellent low-frequency vibration isolation. Capability, responsible for eliminating low-frequency (0.5~10Hz) external vibrations, suitable for ultra-precision measurement scenarios. 】

[The upstairs is so professional? 】

[No, he is not a professional, he is from Baidu, this passage is exactly the same as Baidu's! 】

[West grass, here. . . . . . 】

[Good guy, if you can't pretend to be coercive, you will be fooled. 】

[Hahahahaha, talent, he almost pretended to be. 】

Seeing the booing barrage, Han Yuan smiled, ignored it, and began to prepare the related alloy parts of the 'VA-AV Active Vibration Isolation Device'.

This includes a flexible metal air spring called the VA series, which consists mostly of metal fittings with a small amount of external rubber.

It looks a bit similar to the liftable pneumatic rod on the gaming chair, or the jack, but the structure is much more complicated.

After finding all the alloys he needed, Han Yuan activated the electric heating crucible.

Although the amount of alloy melted by the electric heating crucible is relatively small at one time, the temperature is raised very quickly, which can save a lot of preheating time.

Weigh the prepared metal materials such as titanium, chromium, low-carbon steel, copper and other materials into the crucible. When the power is supplied, the crucible quickly turns from red to white, and the alloy inside melts and then pours out.

First, desulphurization, decarburization, elimination of metal gas and other treatments are carried out, and then the obtained metal block is melted again, and then annealed to make it difficult to bend and form.

Then carry out the heat treatment process of quenching and tempering at medium temperature to obtain 'tempered troostite', and wait for natural cooling to obtain metal materials with higher elastic limit, yield point, and strong toughness.

Such metal materials can be used as the main support structure of the 'metal air spring'.

However, this is only an alloy material, and M1-level multi-axis machining equipment is still required for cutting processing.

Compared with melting alloys and using molds for one-time molding, it is more complicated.

But there is no way, the more technology develops, the higher the requirements for the materials of many instrument parts.

Although it is convenient to make parts from molds, in many cases, the parts that are made can't meet the requirements in terms of performance.

This is why high-precision machine tools are extremely important in the modern industrialization system.

Only the material parts processed by cutting tools can perfectly meet the requirements.

Especially the metal air spring he prepared this time has extremely high requirements on air tightness.

This requires the surface smoothness of the metal parts to be extremely high, otherwise the highly compressed gas filled inside will run out sooner or later, and it will not be able to play a shock absorbing role at all.

In addition, the reason why Won chose to prepare the shock absorber first is because many parts in the shock absorber need to be placed for a period of time to eliminate the residual metal stress.

Residual stress relief is not up to standard and performance requirements are not met.

　Ask for a monthly ticket, there are two more chapters in the afternoon,
　　
　
(End of this chapter)